Electromyography is a method of hardware research that allows to determine the level of conduction of nerve endings. In addition, it can be used to evaluate the electrical activity of the muscles and the state of the nervous system.
Potential oscillations, which collect electrodes during the test, are recorded by the with the oscilloscope. In addition, when performing electromyography, a monitor is used, which makes it possible to monitor the results.
This study is completely harmless and safe, and therefore widely used to evaluate electrical muscle activity.
Difference between electromyography and electroneuromyography
From the formal point of view, electroneuromyography implies an evaluation of the conductivity of nerve fibers, and electromyography registers only electrical activity that appears as the result of muscle contractions.
But in practice, electromyography is almost never done in isolation and also involves an analysis of the rate of passage of the pulse along nerve fibers. Therefore, we can safely say that these methods of research are equivalent.
Kinds of
Depending on the , the method of attaching the electrodes to the muscles is divided into several types of procedure:
- Surface electromyography. This technique makes it possible to conduct a non-invasive study of muscular potentials, since the electrodes are attached to the surface of the skin. This method is well tolerated by humans and allows you to explore many muscles simultaneously. In this case, surface electromyography is of low sensitivity, so it is only used if needle research can not be performed. Usually a superficial examination is indicated with increased bleeding, low pain threshold, vector-borne infections.
- Needle electromyography. This procedure is carried out using a thin needle electrode, which is immersed directly in the muscle. This is an invasive technique that is prescribed solely on strict indications. Due to this type of electromyography, it is possible to detect latent changes in muscles if there is a suspicion of neuronal damage. This gives the neurologist a complete idea of the prevalence of pathology.
- Stimulation electroneuromyography. This study is conducted to analyze the passage of impulses along motor and sensory fibers. During the procedure, as a rule, analyze the F-wave, as well as the H-reflex. Stimulation electroneuromyography is used to diagnose neural disorders. It is also an informative and accurate diagnostic method for neurotrauma.
Indications and contraindications
Electromyography is performed if the person complains of the following symptoms:
- Muscle weakness.
- Seizures or spasms in some muscles.
- Twitching.
- Neurological symptoms in osteochondrosis.
Also this study is prescribed for such diseases:
- traumatic spinal cord injuries;
- facial nerve neuropathy;
- Multiple Sclerosis;
- tunnel syndrome;Myasthenia gravis
- ;
- Parkinson's Syndrome;
- botulism;
- concussion;
- residual manifestations of poliomyelitis;
- peripheral nerve damage;
- polyneuropathy of various origin;
- microstroke.
Along with this, electromyography has quite specific contraindications to .These include:
- mental disorders;
- severe forms of hypertension;
- epilepsy;
- patient use of pacemaker;
- angina attacks.
The investigated areas of the body
Examination of the upper and lower extremities is usually performed with polyneuropathy of various genesis, compression and traumas of nerves.
Depending on the purpose of the study, only upper and lower extremities can be electromyography. Sometimes a simultaneous study of the lower and upper belts is carried out.
Examination of the upper extremities
Electromyography of the face is performed in a wide variety of directions. This can be an analysis of the condition of the facial or trigeminal nerve, the analysis of facial muscles and masticatory muscles, as well as examination of the auditory nerve. With the help of myography of the facial nerve, you can find the causes of weakness or increased excitability of the facial muscles. Myogram of the trigeminal nerve makes it possible to establish the cause of the violation of sensitivity and pain in the area of the face. During auditory nerve research, auditory evoked potentials are analyzed.
Where can I make it?
This type of research is widely spread in Russia and abroad. So, what large medical centers conduct electromyography and what is the price of implementation?
In Moscow
- Medical center "K + 31".The cost of the procedure is 3000 rubles.
- of OJSC "Medicine".The cost of the procedure is 3338 rubles.
- Medical Center "Cecile".The cost of the procedure is 1200 rubles.
- Medical Center "Medisan".The cost of the procedure is 2000 rubles.
- Medical Center "Na Polyanka".The cost of the procedure is 1900 rubles.
In Yekaterinburg
- European Medical Center "UMMC-Health".The cost of the procedure is 2000 rubles.
- Medical Center "Neurodiagnosis".The cost of the procedure is from 800 to 2000 rubles.
In Samara
- Medical Diagnostic Center "ILC".The cost of the procedure is from 300 to 2500 rubles.
In Minsk
- Republican Center for Medical Rehabilitation and Balneotherapy. The cost of the procedure is 900 rubles.
Video about the method:
Electromyography is a fairly accurate research method that allows you to evaluate the electrical activity of muscles. It is widely used in a variety of diseases, allowing you to put the right diagnoses, which is very important for further choice of treatment tactics. Therefore, in the presence of strong evidence, you should always contact the medical center to perform this procedure.