Pancreatitis - symptoms and treatment, signs of an attack

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At the heart of pancreatitis is the inflammatory process that occurs in the tissues of the pancreas. As a result, the deleterious effect leads to damage and correction within and external-secretory functions. This process contributes to a metabolic disorder.

Because of pancreatitis, the enzymes that are produced by default by the pancreas for digestion of food begin to work not in the lumen of the duodenum, but in the pancreas itself.

As a consequence, the gland begins to digest itself, thereby giving rise to the symptoms of pancreatitis. The produced enzymes enter the circulatory system, and are carried throughout the entire body of an adult - causing profuse intoxication of the body.

Every year, the number of people suffering from pancreatitis is increasing. People prone to overeating, lovers of fatty foods and alcohol are in a dangerous zone, and are prone to pancreatitis.

Causes of pancreatitis

Gallstones and alcoholism are the causes of almost 90% of hospitalizations due to acute pancreatitis. According to some reports, over 40% of all patients are alcoholics with necrosis of the pancreas or destructive pancreatitis.

If a person has a tendency to chronic overeating, the risk of pancreatitis increases many times, especially when eating fatty, fried foods. Also, the development of pancreatitis can lead to colds, flu, herpes, food allergies, gastritis, appendicitis.

As for risk factors , people who have these habits or diseases are most susceptible to pancreatitis:

• alcoholism and smoking;
• abdominal trauma;
• vascular disease;
• bile flow disorders;
• constant use of a large amount of fatty, fried, smoked, spicy food;
• connective tissue diseases;
• diseases of the stomach and duodenum( peptic ulcer, gastritis, tumors);
• hereditary predisposition;
• taking certain medications( tetracyclines, sulfonamides, cytostatics);

After a severe acute pancreatitis can develop a chronic form, and this is fraught with the development of diabetes and other serious consequences, up to pancreatic cancer.

Symptoms of pancreatitis

Pancreatitis and its symptoms will depend on the form of the disease, all give off acute and chronic pancreatitis.

In the period of acute pancreatitis , the symptoms develop both in severe poisoning. First of all, this is the strongest pain in the upper abdomen( epigastric region, right or left hypochondrium), as a rule, shingles. After taking painkillers or spasmolytics, the pain does not subside. With untimely medical care and pain relief, a patient may experience painful shock.

Also characteristic is a mushy foamy stool with an unpleasant odor, containing particles, not digested food. In most cases, nausea, repeated vomiting, sometimes it can be without gastric contents. The patient has a characteristic appearance: he is exhausted and covered with sweat, his pulse is rapid, his breathing is superficial, frequent. As a result of intoxication, dehydration of the body, blood pressure drops, consciousness is disturbed. Collapse and shock may develop.

Acute pancreatitis develops unexpectedly and usually lasts a short period of time. With the above symptoms of pancreatitis in a person with every minute the condition worsens, it is impossible to delay in the same cases and it is necessary to call an "ambulance" as soon as possible.

As for the chronic form of the disease, the pain syndrome is less pronounced.

Symptoms of chronic pancreatitis

In the case of chronic pancreatitis, the symptoms of a violation of the digestive and endocrine function of the gland come to the fore. Chronic pancreatitis may take some time without visible symptoms or mask for other diseases of the abdominal cavity.

During the period of chronic pancreatitis, two periods are distinguished, the initial period - which can last for years and then manifest itself as specific symptoms, then subside, and the period - when violations, damage in the pancreas are pronounced and bother the person regularly.

In the initial period, the main manifestation is the pain syndrome. Pain( less intense than in the acute form of the disease) shingles, localizes in the upper abdomen. Painful sensations can be shingles, decreasing in the sitting position, with the torso tilted forward, more often occur 20-40 minutes after eating.

Also for chronic pancreatitis are characterized by dyspeptic disorders of the body: loss of appetite, belching, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, flatulence, constant rumbling in the abdomen. A man loses his appetite and quickly grows thin. In general, the emergence of characteristic pains are provoked by excessive consumption of fatty, fried foods, alcohol or an abundance of carbonated drinks, as well as chocolate and coffee.

Based on the various symptomatic complexes experienced by patients with chronic pancreatitis, several types of disease are distinguished, each of which has its own clinical symptoms.

1. Dyspeptic - bloating, diarrhea, weight loss.
2. Asymptomatic - can not show itself for years.
3. Pseudotumoral - the main sign of skin yellowness, sclera and others.
4. Painful - after eating and especially alcohol, pain syndrome occurs.

As a result of chronic pancreatitis, the shape of the pancreas can change so much that it will begin to press on the duodenum and interfere with the passage of food, in addition, its ability to produce enzymes and hormones decreases, secretory deficiency is formed.

In case of chronic pancreatitis, Tuzhilin's symptom may be observed - the appearance of bright red spots in the abdomen, back, chest, which are aneurysms and do not disappear when pressed.

Treatment of pancreatitis

Patients suffering from acute pancreatitis are immediately hospitalized in the intensive care unit, where they are examined urgently and the necessary treatment is prescribed.

The main goal of the treatment is the elimination of pain, correction of pancreatic function disorders, prevention and treatment of complications. Medications for pancreatitis are prescribed to stop the inflammatory process, eliminate pathogenic factors, reduce pain, normalize digestion in the small intestine.

In the first few days of development of severe acute pancreatitis, the question of surgery may arise. Surgical treatment is indicated for suspected destructive pancreatitis and for signs of inflammation of the peritoneum, as well as inefficiency of conservative therapy.

Severe pancreatitis caused by gallstones is treated endoscopically or promptly. Surgical intervention consists in removal of the gallbladder and sanitation( cleaning) of the ducts.

How to treat pancreatitis with folk remedies

It is important to understand that folk remedies can be used in the treatment of pancreatitis at home only as an additional therapy with the permission of the treating doctor.

1. It is necessary to take one tablespoon of motherwort infusion, immortelle and calendula. Mix all this and pour boiling water. Infuse for 60 minutes, then strain and drink 5-6 times a day. The volume of a single serving is 125 ml.
2. Grind and mix the infusion of iris and wormwood wormwood in equal proportions. Type a tablespoon of the resulting mixture and pour boiling water. After 50 minutes, you can drink, after straining the broth. Take 20 minutes before eating 1/3 cup three times a day.
3. Extensive decoction of herbs. To do this, you need such components in equal proportions - a string, cudweed, horsetail, chamomile flowers and marigold, St. John's wort, wormwood and sage. All grind and mix. Cook as well as the above recipe. Drink should be 3 times a day, 125 ml each, 30 minutes before meals.
4. Multicomponent decoction, which consists of burdock roots, elecampane roots, chamomile flowers, marigold flowers, wormwood grass, St. John's wort, grass of the weed, grass of the horsetail, grass of the turn, grass of the sage. Two tablespoons of the collection pour 2 cups of boiling water, insist in a closed thermos for 3-4 hours. Strain. Take 1 / 3-1 / 2 cup infusion 30 minutes before meals 3 times a day.
5. You can drink freshly squeezed juice from carrots and potatoes during the week.
6. Two teaspoons of cumin seeds, pour a glass of boiling water and insist 120 minutes. Strain and you can drink 2-3 times a day for 1/2 cup, before meals.

In general, folk treatment of pancreatitis includes compliance with diet, collections of medicinal plants and gymnastics.

Diet for pancreatitis

The main principle of diet therapy is eating food that spares the stomach, pancreas and liver. And so that you can eat with pancreatitis, as well as a detailed list of products is given below:

1. Boiled or baked vegetables - courgettes, beets, carrots, potatoes, cauliflower, broccoli, cucumbers( in the form of mashed potatoes).
2. Dairy products - the most suitable are sour-milk products like kefir, but milk itself is not recommended for drinking. You can eat 5-7% cottage cheese. Of cheeses Mozzarella, Adyghe, gouda are allowed to eat.
3. Meat only boiled, lean. The same criteria apply to fish.
4. You can have pineapples, sweet apples, bananas, strawberries, avocados.
5. Various cereals - buckwheat, oatmeal, rice, semolina porridge are recommended.
6. There is a need to slowly, chewing food, 4-6 times a day.

During the period of exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis, in the first 1-2 days, hunger is prescribed. Allowed to take only liquids - broth of dogrose, weak tea, and alkaline mineral water without gas.

Prevention

It is necessary to adhere to such rules of a healthy lifestyle:

• moderate consumption of alcohol;
• adherence to the principles of proper nutrition;
• timely diagnosis and treatment of cholelithiasis.

The goal of prevention is to stop the progression of inflammation, to prevent the development of complications.

Gymnastics with pancreatitis

It is recommended 2-3 times a day to perform special respiratory gymnastics, which has the effect of massage of internal organs. Gymnastics should be performed after the symptoms of an attack of pancreatitis subsided.

1. Inhale, exhale and hold your breath. Smoothly, but still strongly draw in the stomach and count to three, after which relax the abdominal muscles.
2. Inhale, exhale and hold your breath. During the respiratory pause, as much as possible "inflate" the stomach, count to three. Exhaling - relax.
3. In the middle of inspiration, hold the breath for 1-2 seconds and continue to inhale farther as if directing the air into the stomach and at the same time protruding the abdominal wall. At the end of the inspiration with the inflated belly, again, hold the breath, count to three. Continuing the score to six, slowly begin to draw in the abdominal wall. Exhale and relax the abdominal muscles.
4. Strongly pull the stomach in exhalation. After holding your breath for a few seconds, relax the abdominal muscles. On inhaling, actively inflate the stomach, and on exhalation again to draw.

To avoid the appearance of unpleasant symptoms of pancreatitis, you should thoroughly revise your lifestyle, limiting alcohol consumption and giving up too fatty foods. Go in for sports, lead a balanced diet, conduct timely prevention of cholelithiasis, and in this case - pancreatitis will not bother you.