Aphthous stomatitis is one of many types of stomatitis, which differs from others in its characteristic feature - the presence on the mucosa of very painful ulcerative defects.
This form is the most unpleasant kind of stomatitis, and also gives a person a feeling of very strong discomfort.
What is it?
Aftosny stomatitis is an inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa, in which erosions are formed on the mucous membrane - aphthae. Afts are painful ulceration of a round or oval shape 3-5 mm in size. But sometimes there are larger and larger irregularly shaped aphthae.
Usually, the sores are covered with a white and yellow coating and are framed by a thin red border. They can occur singly in the mouth or appear in large enough numbers. Afts can be in the sky, the tongue, the inside of the lips and cheeks. These ulcers cause burning and pain, especially worrisome when eating.
Based on the nature of the lesions of the mucous tissue in medicine distinguish four subspecies of the disease :
- necrotic;
- grandly;
- scarring;
- is deforming.
Diagnosed aphthous stomatitis is relatively easy on admission to the dentist. To clarify the diagnosis and clarify the causative agent of infection from aft, a smear can be taken for analysis.
Reasons for
The reasons for the formation of aft in this disease are not exactly established. Most experts point out the relationship between the development of aphthous stomatitis and the reaction of the body's immune system. At some point, the human immune system is unable to recognize the molecules of matter that are present in the saliva. As a result, lymphocytes become active and aphthous ulcers are formed.
Causes of a primary onset of disease include chronic infection:
- chronic tonsillitis;
- angina;
- pharyngitis;
- of the gastrointestinal tract( gastrointestinal tract).
As etiological factors are also unfavorable factors:
- frequent change of belts with different climates;
- professions that negatively affect the mental and physical health of a person;
- is a stressful situation that occurs regularly.
It is possible to compile a long list of typical infectious foci and adverse situations, but the principle of etiology of aphthous stomatitis remains one - the inability of the body to resist infection due to exhaustion.
Aphthous stomatitis in children
This insidious disease is common in preschool children. In the first years of life, children actively explore the environment, pulling in their mouths are not always clean and safe items. This causes the appearance of wounds and infection, leading to the occurrence of aphthous stomatitis in children.
The first signs are similar to the common cold, but small red pimples appear in the mouth, which turn into pus-filled vesicles. Around this formation, you can see with a naked eye a red bezel.
The danger of aphthous stomatitis in children is not only the probability of the transition of the disease to a chronic form, but also the ingress of fungi and other infections into open wounds.
Symptoms of
Symptoms of acute aphthous stomatitis in adults develop dramatically and unexpectedly. The patient develops:
- Small bubbles( vesicles) appear on the mucous membrane of the lips, cheeks, gums, which burst and form small erosions, aphthae covered with a gray-white coating.
- General malaise and fever to 38-39 ° C;
- Soreness in the mouth when talking, eating.
- As the size and quantity of aphthas become painful when chewing food, the ability to eat solid foods is minimized.
- All the mucous membrane becomes loose, swollen, inflamed( signs of catarrhal gingivitis), a white coating appears on the tongue.
With aphthous stomatitis, it is advisable to consult a doctor who will give the patient the right treatment. Effective therapy will avoid the transition of the disease into a chronic form.
Aftosis stomatitis: photo of
How does this ailment in adults and children look like, we offer detailed photos to view.
Stages of the disease
Aftoznoe inflammation of the oral cavity proceeds in several stages:
- In the initial stage of there are such symptoms: fever, general malaise, an increase in the cervical lymph nodes, a decrease in appetite;
- The second stage of - redness occurs with the subsequent appearance of ulcerative defects in their place;
- Single small sores up to 5 mm in diameter gray with a white or yellow coating are observed in the 3 stages of the disease. Of the general symptoms, malaise and fever remain;
- The final stage of is accompanied by a gradual disappearance of discomfort, burning and itching in the mouth.
From the time of detection of the first aphtha to the time of their complete healing, it takes approximately 1.5-2.5 weeks. The condition of the oral cavity returns to normal: usually after ulcers there is no scarring or any other markings.
But if a person suffered from a deforming form of aphthous stomatitis, then after healing the soft tissues of the lips and palate will remain with a slightly altered structure.
Chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis
This form is characterized by the periodic appearance of aphthous elements over long years, with periods of remission and exacerbation.
The most likely causes of the disease are: mechanical trauma mucosa, decreased immunological reactivity, chronic diseases. This type of stomatitis differs from acute by the absence of acute reaction of the body, the appearance of single aphids and recurrent course.
When examining the oral cavity, it is possible to detect aphthae at various stages of development. The exacerbation lasts 7-10 days, after which a remission occurs.
Treatment of aphthous stomatitis
In the case of aphthous stomatitis, treatment in adults is aimed at either complete elimination of the symptoms of the disease or its stable remission. Both are achieved with the help of both general and local therapy, depending on the clinical situation.
First of all, it is necessary to ensure the disinfection of the oral cavity. Disinfectants are a number of antiseptic solutions, which should be treated with a surface affected by ulcers. To do this, use solutions:
- hydrogen peroxide;
- of furacilin;
- of chlorhexidine. In passing, the patient can take as necessary antipyretic, antiallergic and other drugs( containing novocaine, lidocaine, heparin, hydrocortisone, etc.), which can improve the overall condition of the patient. The use of solutions of citral, vitamin C and P, preparations containing propolis, etc.help to speed up the healing process.
If it is determined that the cause of aphthous stomatitis is a viral infection, the doctor may prescribe antiviral drugs.
Treatment of aphthous stomatitis in the home should only be under the supervision of a specialist, strictly observing all of his prescriptions. Taking strong medicines without prescribing, a person should give himself a report that such frivolous behavior can lead not only to the severe form of recurrent chronic aphthous stomatitis, but to even more dangerous complications.