Mite bite in a person: effects, symptoms and photos

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The tick is a small insect, belongs to the arachnids, the average body length is 0.5 mm.

Activation of insects begins in the spring and early summer, the risk of being bitten increases in warm, dry weather. When you bite through the wound, an anesthetic is injected into the body, as a result of which the insect attacks pass absolutely unnoticeable for a person.

Mites are known as carriers of tick-borne encephalitis, borreliosis and other dangerous diseases. If a person is bitten by an infected tick, the virus quickly gets into the blood and infects the entire body.

Preventive inspection

These parasites at a distance of 10 to 15 m feel that the person is walking. And near the paths the mite awaits more readily than in the forest more often.

After walking, inspect the body for the presence of ticks :

• area that is located behind the person's ears;
• neck, thorax and armpits;
• inguinal region and genitalia;
• small of the back;
• the scalp.

The main danger for humans is infection of diseases, the of which is the mite :

• typhus tick-borne typhus;
• tularemia;
• erlichiosis;
• tick-borne encephalitis;
• ku-fever;
• Lyme disease.

At the site of a bite, redness and swelling occur in some cases, allergic reactions may occur.

Symptoms of a tick bite in a person

The tick has a peculiar organ - the hypostome( proboscis), which penetrates the skin of the victim and is attached to the wound with the help of special saliva, it simultaneously anesthetizes( that's why the person does not feel the moment of bite), and fixes the proboscis in the wound. The size of the mite is about 0.3-0.4 mm, the female is 1 mm larger. Sucking blood, the mite increases in size by 2-3 times.

It is possible to identify the main symptoms in humans associated with a tick bite, they can manifest themselves after 2-3 hours, namely:

• chills;
• redness of the place, where there is a bite;
• fear of light;
• headache;
• increased weakness and drowsiness;
• painful sensations in the joints of a person.

The following symptoms of a tick bite in a person can be such factors:

• skin rashes;
• severe itching;
• increase in human body temperature to 39-40 degrees Celsius;
• there is a decrease in blood pressure;
• has a clear tachycardia;
• it is possible to observe an increase in lymph nodes, namely regional ones.

In addition to these symptoms, it is necessary to consider the presence of secondary signs, which provoked the tick with its bite, namely:

• nausea;
• profuse vomiting;
• hoarse voice;
• panting and shortness of breath;
• severe headache accompanied by dizziness;
• presence of peculiar nervous disorders, for example: hallucinations.

Ticks carry many diseases, including tick-borne encephalitis, tick-borne borreliosis( Lyme disease), rickettsiosis and other infections. When you find a sucking mite - remove it as soon as possible! To tighten with removal it is impossible. The longer the mite drinks blood, the more infection will enter the body.

First signs of borreliosis and tick-borne encephalitis

Lyme disease( borreliosis) :

• reddening of the skin in the bite of the parasite;
• gradual increase in the size of the red spot;
• is the transformation of redness from a rounded spot into a ring with a pale cyanotic center.

Tick-borne encephalitis :

• general and muscular weakness in the neck, arms and legs;
• feeling of numbness in the neck and face;
• chills, fever;
• nausea, vomiting;
• severe headache;
• staining the face, neck, mucous membrane of the mouth and eyes in red.

When this symptomatology appears, it is necessary to urgently consult a physician with an infectious disease specialist or a therapist at the outpatient department of the infectious disease hospital, or in an emergency, an ambulance.

How the bite of a tick looks in a person: photo

The place around the bite has a color from pink to reddish, it depends on the reaction of the body. In the center there will be a noticeable deepening into the interior of the skin.

If there is redness in the bite - this can be a normal allergic reaction. But the red spots that have reached a diameter of 10-12 cm, can be a symptom of Lyme disease.

What should I do if I bite a tick?

Since the tick is a vector of serious diseases, then when you return home after going to the park or the forest, do not immediately lie on the sofa. It is important to carefully examine yourself and your loved ones for the presence of a tick on the body.

If a tick was found, then it is necessary to remove it from the human body as soon as possible. There are several ways to do this at home.

1. You can try to "unscrew" an insect from the skin of .In this case, the movements must be made counter-clockwise. Keep the mite as close to the skin as possible to prevent the abdominal rupture. Fingers with a bandage or gauze.
2. Another option - use of improvised tools, for example, threads from clothes .It needs to tighten the proboscis at the distance as close to the skin as possible, and, following the swinging movements, slowly remove the tick. Some remove tick with nails or matches.

If you did not have the opportunity to go to a medical institution and conduct a tick analysis, then it is advisable to observe the injured person within a month.

It's also worth knowing that the incubation period for Lyme Disease from the onset of infection to the onset of symptoms is usually 1-2 weeks, but it can be much shorter( several days), or longer( months to years).In the case of tick-borne encephalitis, it is considered that from the moment of getting the virus into the blood before the onset of the first manifestations of the disease passes from 1 day to a month. The average period is 1-3 weeks, since the forms of the disease development are different.

Consequences of a tick bite for a person

The tick bite itself is not dangerous to humans. Serious consequences after a bite can occur only if the insect has been infected.

The tick can be a source of quite a large number of diseases, so if you remove the tick, keep it for research on infection with tick-borne infections( tick-borne encephalitis, tick-borne borreliosis( Lyme disease), if there is a possibility for other infections), usually it can be done in an infectious disease hospital. It must be understood that the presence of infection in the tick does not mean that a person will get sick. An analysis of the tick is needed for calmness in case of a negative result and vigilance - in the case of a positive.

Here is a list of diseases that a tick can transmit:

• Tick-borne encephalitis;
• Lyme borreliosis;
• Tick-borne haemorrhagic fevers;
• Ehrlichiosis;
• Anaplasmosis;
• Tick-borne typhus;
• Ridiculous rickettsiosis;
• Tsutsugamushi fever;
• Ku fever;
• Rickettsiosis tick paroxysmal;
• Babesiosis rights.

Most often found on the territory of Russia and represent a serious danger to human health - tick-borne encephalitis and borreliosis. Of course, the probability of getting infected with a tick bite is not too high, because 90% of the ticks, according to the studies, are sterile. However, it is present.

Consequences of the bite of the encephalitic tick

Adverse outcome:

• A persistent decline in the quality of life with the progression of symptoms( continuous progression, abortive - recurrent).
• A persistent organic syndrome with a significant decrease in the quality of life in the form of a defect in motor functions without progressive symptomatology.
• Promote the progression of symptoms: binge, stress, overwork, pregnancy, etc.).Prolonged persistent changes in the form of epilepsy, hyperkinesis - an occasion to determine III, II, I group of disability.

Favorable outcome:

• Chronic weakness, lasting up to 2 months, followed by complete restoration of body functions.
• Infection of moderate severity with recovery to 6 months.
• Infection in severe form with a recovery period of up to 2 years without paresis and paralysis.

Useful information

• If you have stored a living mite for analysis, it will be taken in a laboratory at an infectious disease hospital or at a sanitary epidemiological station.
• If you are vaccinated against tick-borne encephalitis, this gives protection against infection with the virus.
• Ten days after the bite, blood polymerase chain reaction( PCR) can be tested for tick-borne encephalitis and borreliosis.
• After 14 days, the blood is tested for antibodies to tick-borne encephalitis.
• Antibodies of borreliosis can be detected in the blood only 30 days after infection.

Prevention

Of course, do not deprive yourself of the pleasure of walking around the city in the shadow of trees, because the mites can overtake and in the city. Simply, going to the forest, you need to adhere to certain prevention rules to maximally protect yourself from these bloodsucking insects:

1. Avoiding places of congestion of ticks that prefer to dwell in moist thickets of plants.
2. The manifestation of extreme caution during the maximum activity of such dangerous insects is the period from the beginning of May to the middle of September.
3. Wearing closed clothing, and on open areas of the body - rubbing special creams and funds against tick bites, which will not allow insects to have access to the human body.

Prevention of the consequences associated with a tick bite is based on:

1. Vaccination( prophylactic measure), when a person is infected, it can not be used.
2. Specific immunotherapy is a therapeutic measure( the introduction of immunoglobulin only in case of infection or suspected infection after a bite).
3. Use of special clothing and accessories to prevent ticks from getting on the body.
4. Use of means for repelling, destroying ticks.
5. Health insurance to pay for possible treatment.

Also remember, when you bite the infection is usually not transmitted immediately. The longer the tick will stay on the body, the greater the chance of getting encephalitis or borreliosis.