What is the tooth cyst and what is it? This inflammatory formation, which is an extremely dense capsule. It is formed to limit the spread of the developing infection. The cyst develops near the root of the tooth in the gum, sometimes near the front upper tooth.
Symptoms of a tooth cyst can be a long time and not be, however the tooth itself is under threat. The problem is that the disease is constantly progressing, the cyst is increasing, and the normal jaw tissues are dying from the inside of the tooth. The nature of the disease is much more difficult at later stages, so do not neglect treatment.
The diameter of the formation can vary from 5 mm to several centimeters. Cysts of less than 5 mm in size are called granuloma.
Cyst tooth: what is it?
The main reason for the formation of a tooth cyst is the infection in the tooth tissue.
Most often this situation is observed in the absence of timely treatment of dental caries, as well as improper filling of dental canals, malformations, trauma or infections of the nasopharynx. More rarely a cyst occurs as a result of sinusitis or some infectious disease, in which harmful microbes are transferred to the gums with blood flow.
Depending on the cause of the disease, the following types of tooth cysts are distinguished:
- Radical ( root tooth cyst).It develops, as a rule, with chronic periodontitis.
- Follicular .It develops from the follicle envelope surrounding the crown of the tooth. Its formation occurs when the tooth is erupted as a result of infection.
- Keratokist or primary , formed from the remnants of the tooth-forming tissue in violation of its development.
- Paradental ( retromolar).It can be formed with a difficult eruption of the wisdom tooth through the gum and chronic inflammation. More common is the parodental cyst of the lower wisdom tooth.
- Cyst of eruption .It is observed in children 7-10 years old during the eruption of permanent teeth.
As a rule, the disease occurs against the backdrop of a chronic inflammatory process. It increases in size due to accumulation of cystic fluid, epithelial growth and bone resorption.
Symptoms of
The cyst of the tooth can develop for a very long time either completely without symptoms or with minimal signs - there may be occasional minor pain when biting on the causative tooth or slight soreness when pressing on the gum in the projection of the cyst. In this case, it is detected, as a rule, accidentally - on the review radiographs about the treatment of other teeth.
In case of a decrease in immunity( for example, against the background of a cold) - the infection in the cyst cavity usually worsens, which is accompanied by intense purulent formation. In this case, acute pain may occur, especially when biting on the causative tooth, swelling and swelling of the gums, cheeks, the temperature may rise and weakness appear. Basically, the symptoms of the tooth cyst begin to appear when it reaches a large size( from 3 cm).
To avoid serious consequences, do not delay treatment. It should be noted that the destruction of the root, loosening of the tooth and its loss are not all consequences, which should be avoided, since the presence of a cyst also poses a threat to both the gum and other healthy teeth.
Photo of a tooth cyst
To understand what a tooth cyst is and how to treat it, we recommend viewing the following photos:
Consequences of
In advanced cases, the cyst can lead to the following severe consequences:
- pathological fractures of the jaw;
- abscess;
- tooth loss in the cyst area;
- phlegmon neck and face;
- flux or periostitis;
- osteomyelitis;
- benign tumor;
- cancer;
- sepsis.
If you have a toothache, be sure to do an x-ray. This will help to identify the cyst at an early stage. Regularly monitor the condition of the mouth: thoroughly brush your teeth, remove the remnants of food after meals, rinse the mouth with special antiseptic solutions. Visit the dentist every year, treat your teeth on time.
Treatment of a tooth cyst
When a tooth cyst is diagnosed, treatment can be performed in several ways.
All of them are quite effective, and the choice of a specific method can only be done by a dentist - it will take into account the patient's general health, size and localization of education.
To date, dental clinics offer us such treatment options:
- Therapeutic method .The essence of the treatment is the washing of the canal with medicinal preparations followed by their cementation. These drugs have a neutralizing effect on the cyst. However, its use is justified only for the treatment of formations whose diameter does not exceed 8 mm.
- Surgical treatment of cysts implies the preservation of the patient's teeth with the removal of only the tips of the roots through the incision of the gingival tissue. During the operation, the cyst is cut out, and the removed dental tissues are restored with the help of artificial materials. After the operation, the patient is prescribed a course of antibacterial drugs.
Non-surgical method of
Indication for the use of this method is the formed cyst no more than 8 mm.
- A damaged tooth is opened, under which the cyst is located and the channels widen.
- Complete disinfection of the root canal with antibacterial agents is thoroughly carried out. The focus of inflammation is blocked.
- Dead tissue cysts are etched with the help of special medical devices.
- Cyst cavity is filled with a special solution that promotes the disappearance of pathology and restores bone tissue.
- Sealing of the channel.
At the end of the treatment after a while it is important to check the root canals of the cured tooth again in order to avoid recurrence of the disease. But the treatment of a tooth cyst without an operation is often unsuccessful and expedient only if it is detected early in the early stages of development.
Removing the tooth cyst
In cases where therapeutic methods of treatment do not help, it is necessary to apply a radical method, i.e.remove the cyst simultaneously with the tooth. The onset of this disease on the wisdom tooth is an indication for its removal.
Surgical treatment removes cysts and granulomas, and resection of the apex of the tooth root. If it is impossible to preserve one root, then remove the cyst and resect the damaged root and dental fragment above it. This is a less sparing method.
Resection of the apex of the root is one of the surgical methods of treatment. The doctor of the drill cuts off( makes a resection) the apex of the root from the root itself. Root resection is required if the canals are imperfectly sealed or the pin in the root canal is installed. An operation to remove a cyst or granuloma is necessarily performed under anesthesia. Resection of the root takes up to 1 hour.
Treatment of a tooth cyst by the laser
As it is still possible to treat a tooth cyst by modern methods is a laser therapy. This method is the most sparing, it not only allows a high-quality and fast removal of a benign neoplasm, but also ensures complete disinfection of the cavity and tissues around the damaged tooth.
The procedure involves local anesthesia and insertion into the cavity of the cyst by a special thin surgical tube. Laser radiation dissolves surrounding tissues, after which they are removed with a vacuum device. It is noted that laser therapy allows the tooth to be completely preserved, the distinctive characteristic is the absence of relapses.
Cost of treatment of
The cost of removing cysts depends on many factors, which include:
- the complexity of the disease,
- the cost of the necessary materials,
- the duration of the postoperative period,
- is also the price policy of the dental clinic.
The average cost of surgical treatment of cysts is from 4,500 to 10,000 rubles. The cost of therapeutic treatment, without removing the cyst at the root of the tooth, is somewhat higher than these figures, because it requires great manipulation of the tooth and takes a long time.
How to treat a cyst with folk remedies
As for folk remedies, there are not so many of them. You can stop the growth of the compaction itself, but you should not expect more. Most often, the dental disease itself is treated primarily, and then the cyst degradation is already observed. The emphasis is on herbal medicine and natural antibiotics.
At home you can use:
- Rinse with warm salted solution - a teaspoon on a glass of water;
- Decoction herbs - calendula, sage, chamomile, eucalyptus, yarrow, hyssop, thyme. An infusion of field horsetails helps especially. On a glass of water - 2 tablespoons, bring to a boil, cool and rinse every 3-4 hours. Do not swallow!
- Infusions of herbal dues: killer root( iris) in half with a dry sage - 2 tablespoons per 200 g of water, soak on a fire in a closed vessel for 15 minutes and cool;
- Rinses with vodka and alcohol tinctures;
- Make a gruel of garlic and place on the gum near the inflamed area.
These methods help to relieve soreness and acute inflammation, but the cyst itself does not go away and requires professional treatment.
How to prevent disease?
For any anxiety symptom, irritation of the gums, aching pain, which can be tolerated, it is necessary to consult a dentist. Timely diagnosis of cysts is a guarantee of prompt and effective treatment of formations without the use of surgical instruments.
Other recommendations are quite standard - regular cleaning of teeth, use of high-quality toothpastes and solutions, rinses and mandatory scheduled visits to the dental clinic.