Tendencies of modern stomach diseases suggest that gradually in many of them the age-limit is lowered, the disease can even affect a child of preschool age. Gastric polyps are an obvious confirmation of this. Men worry more often than women, especially after the fortieth. As for children, they are diagnosed with growths more in adolescence. There is also an earlier pathology, but much less often. Before parents start to rush about in search of a doctor and methods of detailed examination, one should understand the mechanism of the formation of the problem and the nature of its course.
Developed growths mainly in the lower parts of the stomach, because of what is often obtained its intermittent obstruction, when the polyp falls into the cavity of the duodenum, and prevents food from moving normally. This is typical for formations on the pedicle, which according to statistics are more common. Without it, they also happen, but much less often.
What are the polyps of the body of the stomach?
This disease is understood as small growths that are formed on the mucosa of the walls of the stomach and face its cavity. The structure of polyp tissue on the walls is glandular. They belong to the category of benign tumors, which under certain circumstances are prone to malignancy. As an independent disease the polyps of the body do not give themselves away from the stomach. Usually they hide under a symptomatic picture of other problems of the digestive organ. Most often, the growths are manifested as gastritis, ulcer. Externally, these tumors are different. They are characterized by the shape of a wart, a mushroom with a long stem or inflorescences( like broccoli).If we talk about color, then it varies from pale pink to dark cherry, which strikingly distinguishes them from all mucous.
The size of polyps in the stomach often plays a decisive role in choosing a method of therapy. In general, they fluctuate around 0.5-3 cm. As a rule, all neoplasms, the length of which exceeds 2 cm - are subject to excision in order to avoid their degeneration into a cancerous tumor. The size of the foot is also important. If the width reaches 1-1.5 cm, then the build-up should be removed without regret, even when it is small in height.
Types of polyps in the stomach and their classification
For the convenience of refining the details of the diagnosis and systematization of knowledge about polyposis, it is classified, taking into account several signs: clinical, radiological, pathoanatomical and etiological.
In this connection it is necessary to speak about formations:
- Single or multiple character. In the first case, their number should not exceed three units. In the second - no more than 15 pieces. If there are so many that can not be counted, it is a diffuse process, which is extremely dangerous for the possibility of degeneration into a cancerous tumor.
- Hyperplastic, adenomatous and inflammatory. For the first - is characterized by excessive growth of the mucous membrane of the stomach, which outwardly resembles a cobblestone pavement lined with cobblestones. The second - the result of the development of atypical cells. Still others - are one of the options for prolonged inflammation, and, as a rule, arise in its place. Of all the species represented, they are the safest in terms of degeneration.
- Insulated, tubular or mixed. This classification is shown by the results of a microscopic examination of the tissues of education. Vorsinki are on its surface, and tubules are an association that originated in the study of growth cells.
- Seated or with a foot. Here we are talking about the method of attaching the polyp to the mucous membrane of the stomach. If in the second case it is clearly visible, then in the first case the base of the build-up can be wide and short, or absent altogether.
Where does the stomach disease come from - polyposis?
Even modern medicine can not clearly answer this question. Based on the results of long-term observations, it can only be said that genetic predisposition plays a far from leading role in the development of the disease. It should be noted that previously not treated inflammation( gastritis) is a common cause. If it is caused by Helicobacter pylori, then it promotes the formation of build-ups too. An age of a man is also important. Due to various changes that occur in the body after 40 years, there is an increased risk of developing polyposis of the body of the stomach.
Every physician says about the need for healthy nutrition, as modern food, especially of quick preparation, with an abundance of spicy condiments or artificial substitutes, is capable of unpredictably affecting the cells of the human body. Often polyps on the walls of the stomach develop in people who are prone to abuse strong liquor. As a rule, they have not only a disease polyposis of the digestive organ, but many others that affect the gastrointestinal tract as a whole.
Characteristic symptoms of stomach polyps
There are usually no symptoms at the onset of the disease. Polyps in the stomach in a child and an adult are diagnosed during examination for other problems. Often they develop against the backdrop of an inflammatory process in the mucosa of the digestive organ. Therefore, the symptoms characteristic of him become relevant:
- pain in the epigastric region or under the spoon;
- anorexia;
- rapid saturation followed by heaviness and bloating;
- frequent digestive disorders;
- heartburn;
- nausea and vomiting;
- belching with an unpleasant aftertaste;
- increased fatigue, irritability, loss of strength;
- headache;
- pallor;
- sharp slimming.
With multiple polyps of the stomach, these manifestations can be intensified. If the growths tend to bleed, then it is possible to notice characteristic impurities of dark color in the excrements and vomit masses.
Methods for diagnosis of gastric polyps
The most informative methods for detecting polyps are:
- Endoscopy, in which the specialist has the opportunity to personally assess the degree of development of the inflammatory process, to detect the desired growths, determine their parameters and classify by structure.
- The doctor also takes a material for histology, then draws a conclusion about the goodness or malignancy of the lesions.
- Radiography. To conduct it, the patient takes a contrast agent that allows you to determine the appearance of the formations and the state of the gastric folds by changing the color.
Treatment of stomach polyps
Therapy of this disease is based on four consecutive steps:
- Observation. If, after carrying out all the necessary studies, a conclusion is made about the relative safety of outgrowths for a person, then it's too early to relax. They can at any time begin to degenerate into a cancerous tumor. Therefore, obligatory passage of gastroscopy and radiography is required at least once a year.
- Dietary nutrition. If the disease occurred against the background of inflammation of the gastric mucosa, then its root cause should be eliminated. Competently composed diet, a mode of food intake and its uniform portioning - can significantly alleviate the condition of the patient and lead to remission of the underlying ailment.
- Taking medication. If it is a question of gastritis, then, depending on the intensity of the symptoms, drugs are prescribed. Usually their action is directed to the normalization of motor skills, acidity, removal of the pain syndrome.
- Operative intervention. With small single growths, polypectomy is effective with an endoscope. But after it a regular examination is required to avoid a possible relapse.
If multiple polyps of the stomach are observed, and a precancerous condition is present, then resection is resorted.
Polyposis is an insidious and serious disease, the treatment of which should not be neglected, as it can lead to irreparable consequences.