Clopheline refers to synthetic drugs that reduce systolic and intraocular pressure, reducing pain and lowering the processes of excitation in the nervous system. And today we will talk about instructions for the use of Clofelin, its analogs, prices and reviews.
Features of the preparation
Composition
Active substance, included in all forms of the drug - clonidine. Additional substances that increase the bioavailability of the active substance depend on the form of the preparation. In the tablet form, stearic magnesium, potato starch, and milk sugar are contained.
Clonidine in injection solution intravenously includes injection water and 0.1 unmolar hydrochloric acid solution. Eye drops, in addition to clonidine, contain sodium dihydrophosphate, bound to two water molecules, sodium chloride, injection water and sodium hydrophosphate in connection with ten water molecules.
Drug Forms
For Clofhelin, there are 3 widely known dosage forms:
- Tablets , available in plastic and glass cans of opaque color, contain 0.15 active substances or 0.075 mg. Banks contain 50 tablets, packing - cardboard. Slightly, Klofelin tablets are packed into cardboard cells of 10 pieces each.
- Ampoules of with Clofelin contain 1 ml of the preparation. The lowest concentration of active ingredient in the drug administered by intramuscular or subcutaneous route is 0.01%.The concentration of the active substance can be 0.25% or 0.5%.Any Clofelin solution for intravenous administration needs dilution with water for injection.
- Eye drops Clofelin are packaged in semitransparent tubes of semi-soft plastics in a concentration of 0.125%.
The drug is not very expensive, the price of packing tablets does not exceed 40 rubles. There is no significant difference between the prices for eye drops and injection for tablets.
Next we'll talk about the mechanism of action of the drug Clopheline, its effect on a person
Pharmacological action
- Clophelin reduces arterial pressure by blocking the center of the narrowing of the vessels located in the oblong brain.
- Sympatoadrenal stimulation of presynaptic fiber, whose functioning is associated with stimulation of cardiac and vascular activity, is physiologically oppressed.
- On the contrary, the action of the drug proves to be stimulating with respect to postsynaptic processes of neurons and α2-adrenergic receptors.
- Hypotonic vascular status is achieved by reducing overall resistance, decreasing the volume of ejected blood from the chambers and slowing the heart rate.
- Clopheline reduces the rate of blood flow in the cerebral vessels, the neurons of the brain have a relaxing effect.
- The rate of circulation in the renal capillary glomeruli increases, the tone of the vessels of the brain increases.
- Too rapid introduction of the drug into the vein causes a further increase in systolic pressure, which is of a short duration.
- Intraocular pressure in glaucoma is able to decrease after injection of the drug into the conjunctival cavity by instillation.
- Increases the retreat of the intraocular fluid, its secretion is reduced due to the action of the active substance on the adrenoreceptors of the central nervous system.
- Part of the clonidine reduces the sympathetic tone, the other part is sub-divided into products whose activity is significantly lower than clonidine.
On the effect of clonidine on the body, read below.
Pharmacodynamics
The therapeutic effect of the use of clofhelin lasts for 9 hours. Normal time variability is allowed from 6 to 12 hours. The maximum concentration of clonidine in the blood plasma is detected 3 hours after the administration of the drug.
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The opinion of doctors. .. & gt; & gt;
In free form, clonidine is transported through the blood vessels( 60-80% of the total volume of the active substance), the rest of it is bound to the peptide structures of the blood.
Pharmacokinetics
The liver undergoes a metabolic transformation of about half the clonidine. The half-life of the compound is about 14 hours. Patients with renal pathologies delay its excretion and half-life by 26-28 hours.
Half of the active substance is excreted through the organs of the urinary system in the form of end products of metabolism, the second half of the withdrawn clonidine is the initial form when it is introduced into the body. The digestive system can excrete about a fifth of all clonidine.
Indications
- Clopheline is often used in situations when it is necessary to lower arterial pressure once a day( hypertensive crisis, arterial hypertension of various genesis).A sharp rise in systolic pressure is eliminated by Clopheline in the smallest dose.
- In the treatment of eye diseases, clopheline is used to reduce pressure inside the eyeball, in the treatment of glaucoma, which has acute edges, during intraocular pressure attacks with the existing glaucoma.
- Drug practice shows the effective effect of Clofelin on the withdrawal of withdrawal symptoms during the treatment of dependence on alcohol and drugs. Depressive states, frustrations, phobias during drug dependence treatment helps to eliminate. But to use a medicine in the fight against independent severe mental disorders in the form of depressions is impossible.
Instructions for use
There are no attachments to food in the tablets.
- With hypertension, take Kloferin tablets 3 times a day for 0.075 mg. During the course of treatment, the dose may be subsequently increased. In the elderly and senile age as an additional treatment for atherosclerotic phenomena. They abolish the drug consistently, reducing the dosage of the drug in stages.
- With the infusion of infusion during the hypertensive crisis, the drug is administered 0.15 mg, dissolving it in sodium chloride. The duration of the dropper is 10 minutes.
- Therapeutic treatment of glaucoma with the use of eye drops Clofelin involves instilling into each conjunctival canal 1 drop three times a day, unless an ophthalmologist is prescribed a different dosage. If intraocular pressure does not decrease with instillation of 0.25% solution of the drug, Klofelin is administered with a concentration of 0.5%.With pronounced side effects, the concentration of Clofelin is reduced to 0.125%.
About the action of clonidine with alcohol and other contraindications we will tell below.
Contraindications
A recent warning for myocardial infarction is a caveat for the careful and controlled use of the drug. Strict contraindications for the use of clophelin are:
- obliterating endoarteritis,
- individual clonidine intolerance,
- severe depressive states,
- breastfeeding,
- pregnancy,
- severe atherosclerosis,
- alcohol and alcohol medication,
- cardiogenic shock,
- blockade of atrioventricularnode 2 or 3 stage.
Side effects of Clopheline
When using the drug with contained clonidine, digestive disorders can be noted in the form of constipation, mild appetite, the urge to vomit, the dryness of the mucous membranes of the mouth and lips, and the decreased secretion of the gastric cells.
Special instructions
Clofelin is less commonly used in clinical practice when treating hypertensive crises and increasing systolic pressure. The reason is a sharp drop in high pressure and its short-term increase, which can adversely affect the health of the person and his health. The main use of the drug is associated with ophthalmic practice.
Next, let's talk about the reviews of doctors and patients about the clonidine.
Reviews
Despite the use of this drug for criminal purposes( mixing in alcoholic beverages, when the fatal case is not a rare result), there are only positive reviews on the drugs on the forums, which testify to a good effect in eliminating the symptoms of hypertension and hypertensive crises. Patients advise only to strictly follow the recommended dosage and to stop using even small doses of alcoholic beverages.
There is a review of the careful selection of combined drugs, as a 73-year-old woman died of a hemorrhagic stroke immediately after the ischemic form after a combination with Kapoten.
Analogues
The active ingredient clonidine is contained, in addition to Clopheline, in Chlofazolin, Clonidine hydrochloride, Hemitone and Ketressone.
On how Clo-phenin interacts with alcohol, Elena Malysheva will tell in this video: