Regardless of the similar name, proctitis and paraproctitis are completely different diseases. The latter option is an inflammation of the pararectal tissue, which is located near the rectum, and the proctitis is an inflammatory process of the rectal mucosa.
Causes that lead to the appearance of diseases, similar:
- Infectious diseases of acute and chronic form.
- Injury of rectal cavity.
- Diseases of the rectum: cracks and hemorrhoids.
- Vascular wall disorders in diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis.
- Toxic damage, heavy metal poisoning.
- Autoimmune diseases: Crohn's disease or nonspecific ulcerative colitis.
It should be noted that in itself proctitis in chronic form can lead to the development of paraproctitis. This is due to the fact that the inflammatory processes pass to the anal glands, crypts.
Symptoms of proctitis and paraproctitis
Both diseases are acute and chronic. Proctitis has such symptoms as:
- Painful sensations in the cavity of the rectum, becoming more intense in the act of defecation.
- Putrefactive and blood discharge from the rectal cavity.
- Increase in body temperature. It is not always observed.
- Painful sensations in the perineal region, radiating to the genitals.
- Diarrhea with blood impurities. It is not always observed.
Diseases have similar symptoms: pain in the rectal cavity, discharge and increase in body temperature. Paraproctitis is different in that there is an abscess that can be seen under the skin in the buttocks, compaction and swelling, redness of the skin and an increase in the local temperature regime.
Chronic proctitis lasts a long enough time, and during remission does not give any symptoms. Only in case of an exacerbation there are signs of acute form. But chronic paraproctitis differs significantly, and is a fistula of the rectum cavity with its signs.
Treatment of proctitis and paraproctitis
Inflammation of pararectal tissue can not be cured by outpatient means, therefore, surgical intervention is performed. But for the treatment of inflammation of the rectum, such methods are used, as:
- Therapeutic measures for the reception of antibiotics. In the case of paraproctitis, they are practically not used, however, inflammation of the rectum is treated primarily only by them. Antibacterial agents of such groups as penicillin, tetracycline, macrolides, cephalosporins and others are used. Introduce parenteral and re-oral.
- Spasmolytics are used to eliminate pain and spasms of sphincter muscles.
- Cleansing enemas used for constipation.
- Therapeutic enemas are used for decontamination and anti-inflammatory effect.
- Seated baths with the addition of manganese solution.
- In some cases, hormonal drugs are prescribed, for example, Prednisolone.
- Rectal suppositories with methyluracil for tissue repair in case of ulcerative and ulcerative necrotic form.
During the period of remission of chronic proctitis, such activities as treatment in a sanatorium and physiotherapy are carried out. In the treatment of the disease, and also after it, it is recommended that the diet be observed with the exception of products that have the property of irritating the intestines. Treatment is appointed by the treating specialist, and only strict adherence to his recommendations can lead to a complete cure of the disease.