1 Cervical osteochondrosis and other causes of
Cervical osteochondrosis causes degenerative-dystrophic processes in the intervertebral discs. And depending on the department in which these processes progress, pain symptoms usually arise different. This is due to the compression of the nerve roots, which affect various organs and systems. Therefore, in the end, osteochondrosis affects the health of the whole organism. With regard to the cervical region, with this disease, pain will always appear in the neck, head and shoulders, and also accompanied by other equally unpleasant symptoms. Also, pain in the head and neck can occur as symptoms of the following diseases:
- protrusions;
- hernia;
- spondylitis;
- spondylolisthesis.
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In cases of falls and other injuries of the spine, pain may occur due to subluxation of small intervertebral articulations. As well as due to the wrong position of the head during sleep. And the cause of these pains lies in the development of the cervical-cranial syndrome due to stretching of the cervico-occipital articulations. But, when it comes to severe pain in the neck and occipital part of the head, nausea and vomiting, it indicates a spondylitis, in which the patient is usually dizzy and stinging in the sternum from the side of the heart. This disease is characterized not only by degeneration of the bone tissue of the vertebrae, but also by its proliferation and the formation of osteophytes on it.
2 Vascular diseases
Often the causes of pain in the neck and head are in the presence of hypertension and vertebrobasilar insufficiency. The brain supply is provided by nothing else than normal blood circulation( the Willis circle, which forms important cerebral vessels).When the blood flow at the base of the skull is broken, where these vessels are located, it is usually accompanied by pain in the neck and neck, vomiting and nausea, noise in the ears, hearing loss and hiccough. Another patient may complain of flickering before his eyes, and even faint. All this passes after the normalization of pressure.
Another disturbed blood supply to the brain can provoke such a manifestation of cervical migraine, in which there is a burning pain in the neck, giving in the temple and the superciliary. In this case, the ailment always occurs a decrease in hearing, the head turns, there is a feeling of sand in the eyes and noise in the ears. Symptomatic, this pathology can be confused with hemicrania. The only symptom that distinguishes cervical migraine from hemicrania is the presence of pain during palpation of the vertebral artery at a certain point on the surface of the skin. This point is located in the union of the spinous process of the first vertebra of the cervical region and the mastoid process of the temporal bone.
3 Infections
Head and neck pain can also occur due to complications caused by some infectious diseases. For example, cervical lymphadenitis can occur after a sore throat, which is an infectious disease. With this complication, as a rule, there is an inflammatory process in the lymph nodes located in the occipital region of the head. Another complication of angina may be the occipital abscess. But with such a disease, along with painful sensations in the head and neck, the body temperature usually changes and the patient constantly feels sluggish.
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Another infectious disease, which is accompanied by pain in the head and neck, is meningitis. With it there is a strong spasm of the neck muscles, as a result of which such a symptomatology arises. The temperature changes and there is photophobia, the muscles of the neck become numb, the patient pushes to vomiting. Painful sensations in the neck and occiput become more pronounced when moving. This condition is extremely dangerous, especially if there is no timely medical assistance. If meningitis is not treated, the patient may die. Already during the first days the patient's condition will worsen until the mind becomes unclear and the state of coma.