Types and differences of a benign tumor from a malignant

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As is known, tumor processes can have a malignant or benign structure. The very name of a benign tumor speaks of its "good nature", because such entities are characterized by slow and insignificant development or its complete absence.

What does a benign tumor mean?

So, a benign education does not give a metastasis and does not have a tendency to intensive growth. With timely therapeutic measures, in most cases, a complete cure without subsequent relapse occurs.

Although a benign tumor can be dangerous to humans, for example, if it develops secretly. In such a situation, lack of control over the tumor can lead to its malignancy( malignancy).

In practice, there are often cases where the original tumor parameters for years remain unchanged, after which the tumor either passes or is malignant.

Benign formations usually do not exert any influence on the body, in addition, they are incapable of metastasizing. Such tumors gradually develop on a specific site, without affecting other organs.

Tumor processes of a benign nature are usually characterized by favorable prognostic data and after a necessary treatment they recede irrevocably.

How to distinguish it from malignant education?

In benign tumor processes there are several distinctive characteristics by which they can be determined from malignant formations:

1. If the formation develops somewhere inside the body, it can affect well-being, cause permanent fatigue or insomnia;
2. Benign tumors usually move easily without connecting to tissues located around;
3. When localized on the skin or mucous membranes, the formation may be cicatrized;
4. Physical effects on education, such as pressing or rubbing, can cause pain or other discomfort.

Can I go to a malignant one?

Under the influence of negative factors, and also in the absence of necessary treatment, the gene mutation becomes more intense, as a result of which a tumor degeneration of a benign tumor can occur and it will develop into a malignant character.

Types of

All formations of benign nature are divided into proliferative or non-proliferative. Benign tumors can be formed in any organs and tissues, according to what they are classified into several varieties:

• Cystic formations. These are usually oblong cavitary tumors that contain a liquid inside. Cysts are formed mainly from fibrous tissue;
• Adenoma. It is formed from glandular tissues, very often found in the prostate gland, intestine, adrenal gland or liver.
• Myoma. Such formation grows from muscle tissue and looks like a capsule-like formation on a dense basis. It occurs mainly in the reproductive system of women;
• Papilloma. This formation usually looks like a small papilla. Papillomas are formed from the skin. Develop due to papillomavirus. It is localized mainly on the mucous tissues and the surface of the genital organs;
• Neuroma. Such formations grow from nervous tissues due to nerve damage or amputation;
• Angioma. This formation of an innate origin, grows out of the bloodstream, prefers open areas on the lips, cheeks or mouth;
• Osteoma. These tumors grow from the tissues of the bone system and are congenital in nature;
• Fibroma. It is formed from connective tissue elements, is more often found on the female reproductive system;
• Lipoma - grows from adipose tissue, often takes capsular form;
• Lymphangioma. Such formations are formed and vessels of the lymphatic system;
• Birthmark, nevus. Perhaps the most famous benign tumors, which, under the influence of UV radiation or during trauma, can degenerate into a malignant form;
• Meningioma. Such formations grow from brain cells.

Reasons for the formation of

Each cell of our body lives for 42 hours, after which it dies and is replaced by a new cell, but if the old cell continues its further growth, a tumor is formed.

Generally benign formations appear due to DNA mutations caused by:

1. Nicotinic, narcotic, alcoholic or toxicological dependence;
2. Professional activities in the production of poisons, harmful vapors and other toxic substances;
3. Frequent and prolonged exposure in the open sun or in the solarium;
4. Radiation radiation;
5. Viral lesions;
6. Failures in hormonal or immune activity;
7. Wrong way of life;
8. Various fractures, traumatic injuries, etc.;
9. Genetic predisposition.

Signs and Symptoms of

Typical manifestations of a benign tumor are:

• Lack of metastasis and spread to other organs;
• Probability of sudden arrest of development and growth;
• Slow development;
• Normal cellular reproduction;
• Independent of nearby tissues existence, such tumors are usually covered by an independent membrane;
• Consist of cells almost identical to surrounding tissues;
• are considered to be a precancerous stage.

The stages of growth of

Specialists distinguish only 3 stages in benign formations:

1. Initiation of - The initial stage is characterized by DNA changes in which a mutation of genes occurs. At first the cell becomes unbending, preparing for active reproduction;
2. Promotion - The immortal cell begins to actively share. The second stage of reproduction can last for years, not revealing itself in any way. But if the oncology still managed to be calculated in the process of reproduction, then the formation of the tumor can still be prevented, otherwise, the next step comes;
3. Progression - is considered the final stage of development. At this stage, there is a rapid growth of tumor cells. The formed tumor does not threaten life, but at large sizes it can squeeze out neighboring organs. This causes various ailments, violations of organic activity.

Progressive stage requires obligatory oncologist intervention, since the absence of therapeutic measures and disregard for the tumor can provoke its malignancy.

Benign tumors in children

As for the child population, hemangiomas or angiomas formed from vascular tissues are most often found. And in girls such tumors are diagnosed twice as often. Usually they are localized on the head, mainly in the hairy part of it, and also on the genital organs.

Such formations are not life-threatening, but can lead to various functional violations. With the steady growth of education, the application of therapeutic measures is indicated.

Often in children there are tumors from the lymphatic tissues - lymphangioma. They prefer to grow on the neck, differ very slow development, have a favorable prognosis and are rarely complicated.

The picture shows a benign tumor - lymphangioma in a child

Also in childhood it is possible to find benign formations like linden and fibroids, developing in stages, as in adults.

Any benign education needs oncological examination with the advice of an experienced doctor who will prompt a plan for further action.

Diagnostics

For the diagnosis of benign formations, traditional studies and hardware procedures are used:

• Palpable examination;
• ultrasound;
• Biopsy;
• Laparoscopic examination;
• Blood tests.

Treatment of

Similar tumors usually do not cause problems in treatment, which is based primarily on the operational approach. This tactic prevents further growth of the tumor and relieves the cells that have undergone mutation.

Removal of neoplasm

Traditional surgical instruments or laser therapy are used for removal. Cryotherapy, which involves freezing a tumor, is also very effective. Do you do chemotherapy?

Since benign education does not give metastases, the need for chemotherapy is also eliminated.