Standards in the provision of specialized medical care to a patient with hypertensive disease

1 What types of diseases are treated with

For the provision of proper medical care and treatment, a range of persons among hypertensive patients who have been diagnosed with such forms of ailment as:

• is the primary form of hypertension;
• heart attack;
• increased pressure accompanied by changes in kidney function;
• is a disease that promotes the development of heart failure.

Primary hypertension is established based on the history, examination of the patient, the study of the functional state of the kidneys, a complete biochemical blood test. In many cases, the indices necessary to exclude suspicion of the presence of kidney or adrenal diseases, as well as symptomatic hypertension, are determined. Patients with cardiac muscle involvement pay attention to the patient's age, the presence of arrhythmia attacks, and study the degree of physical stress on the heart.

The doctor pays special attention to patients with coronary artery atherosclerosis.

The standard of care for hypertensive disease with primary renal disease is the use of symptomatic agents to reduce the pressure by 25% and reduce the symptoms of encephalopathy.

Drugs are taken for a long time, but once every 3 months the patient is obliged to visit a doctor to correct the treatment of the disease.

2 Inspection of specialists and instrumental study of

To maintain the blood pressure within the norm, the patient is recommended to undergo an in-depth examination, including such procedures as:

• radioisotope study of kidney function;
• setting the value of renin, aldosterone;
• computer examination;
• examination of the aortic condition.

Detection of concomitant diseases is part of the program of examination of patients suffering from hypertension. The patient is recommended to visit specialists:

• endocrinologist;
• nephrologist;
• of the urologist;
• physiotherapist;
• of the doctor.

Electrocardiography and echocardiography should be performed without fail, and in special cases the patient is recommended to monitor blood pressure and a cardiac test.

An ophthalmologist assesses the degree of retinal vascular injury and provides recommendations for the removal of pathological changes in the organ of vision. The neurologist determines the status of the patient, establishes the presence of focal or cerebral symptoms. The patient is measured by weight, height, and determines the circumference of the thigh and waist. The cardiologist studies the size of the heart, listens to the tones and registers the presence of noises, fixes the signs of vascular insufficiency.

3 Laboratory Pathology Study

Hypertensive form of vegetative vascular dystonia, nephritis, dyscirculatory encephalopathy is accompanied by high pressure, which requires timely treatment. A general blood test is needed to determine the basic parameters of hemoglobin, the level of leukocytes and erythrocytes, ESR, and biochemical research allows you to determine the amount of glucose, urea, ALT and AST, trace elements: magnesium, sodium, potassium.

An important factor for the successful treatment of hypertension is the establishment of titers of antibodies to the hepatitis C virus, HIV-1, HIV-2.The doctor suggests the patient to take a blood test for the determination of lipids, triglycerides, the value of total cholesterol.

Patient must submit a general urine test, as well as conduct additional research on the content of uric acid and the level of glomerular filtration.

Therapy for hypertension is based on certain rules for the selection of medications prescribed by the standard of care. Diuretics prescribe with great care to patients suffering from hypokalemia, concomitant diabetes, hyponatremia. Preparations from the group of beta adrenoblockers are shown to patients who have no acute left ventricular failure, bronchial asthma, peripheral blood flow disorders, depressive states.

Regularly carrying out all the prescriptions of the doctor, the patient can timely cope with the insidious disease and avoid the emergence of conditions that are life-threatening.