Biliary pancreatitis is a concomitant disease of cholelithiasis( cholelithiasis).Hence the name: biliary-dependent pancreatitis. The development of biliary pancreatitis is caused by the transfer of bile into the ducts of the pancreas, which causes the development of pathological processes in it.
The very appearance of the possibility of ingestion of bile in the pancreas is a consequence of a violation of the gallbladder. In the normal state, the pressure in the system of its ducts is below the level of pressure in the duct of the pancreas. Excessive pressure increase can be caused by the formation of an obstruction to the normal flow of bile, which can occur when the ducts of the gallbladder are obstructed by the stones in it, as well as by bunches of bile.
A consequence of this process may be an increase in the level of pressure in the duct, which leads to its casting into the pancreas. Biliary-dependent pancreatitis( acute) can be triggered by the ingestion of delicious food that stimulates all digestive processes. Typically, these are appetizing snacks, fatty meat pies, carbonated drinks, including champagne, fried meat and poultry. In this case, it is an acute biliary pancreatitis.
This delicious food is the cause of the beginning movement of stones in the gallbladder and clogging its ducts. Moreover, many patients with chronic respiratory disease, with a chronic course of the disease, adhering to a moderate diet, can completely avoid the development of biliary pancreatitis.
Also, the cause of the formation and development of chronic biliary-dependent pancreatitis can be a violation of the normal operation of the sphincter of Oddi, in a normal state, preventing the ingress of bile into the pancreas.
The development of biliary-dependent pancreatitis depends on the behavior of the stone in the bile duct. If its size is small, and it comparatively quickly passes into the duodenum, the patient's condition can stabilize and come back to normal. In the event that stones can not pass through the duct, it is possible to develop the condition of the patient, which threatens his life. But the constant movement of the stones along the bile ducts does not pass without a trace and can cause their damage, as well as the development of inflammatory processes.
When diagnosing biliary pancreatitis without surgery, it is indispensable. If the patient refuses, it is necessary to conduct explanatory work, pointing out that repeated attacks of biliary pancreatitis can cause irreparable damage to the entire digestive system.
Symptoms of biliary pancreatitis
The main symptoms of biliary pancreatitis include the regular occurrence of pain that spreads in the abdomen. Painful sensations can pass into the region of the back and hypochondrium. In this case, the pain is aching, it does not cease for a long time.
For biliary-dependent pancreatitis, the manifestation of such a symptom as nausea and even vomiting is characteristic. The taste of bitterness is felt in the mouth. Also, the signs characterizing this disease, include the appearance of constipation or diarrhea, as well as other disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.
Symptoms of the disease occur most often after the patient ate unacceptable products for their position( smoked, fried or fatty foods).It is also worth noting that the signs of the disease manifest mainly in the night hours, or a couple of hours after eating.
In severely severe cases, patients with this disease experience a slight change in body temperature.
Treatment of biliary-dependent pancreatitis
Such a disease as biliary pancreatitis requires timely comprehensive treatment. It should consist of two stages: diet and medication. Nutrition of a patient with parenchymal biliary-dependent pancreatitis should be rational. A little more about this will be discussed below.
Regarding the drug treatment of the described disease, it will be based on the use of pharmacological agents of different effects. Therapy should be aimed at reducing the intensity of pain, as well as reducing the release of enzymes by reducing the amount of gastric juice that stimulates the pancreas.
In order to improve the digestive process and reduce the activity of the pancreas, enzyme preparations should be taken. As soon as the acute stage of the disease subsides, you should find out how expedient it is to perform treatment by surgical intervention.
In the presence of cholelithiasis, against which the development of pancreatitis occurred, the operation is simply necessary. Experts in this case must decide which method( laparotomy or laparoscopy) will be most effective in this or that case.
Diet for biliary pancreatitis
The diet for patients with biliary pancreatitis should be rational. During the day, the patient should be offered four to five meals a day. The volume of one serving should not exceed 250 ml. Absolute exclusion from the diet is subject to fried, smoked and fatty dishes.
If you follow a diet should pay attention to proteins, the amount of which will need to be increased by about 25%.As a result, during the day, a patient with biliary pancreatitis will need to eat about 120 g of protein products.
The volume of fats, on the contrary, will need to be reduced by 20%.Thus, during the day their number does not exceed 80 g. To a large extent, it is necessary to reduce the volume of carbohydrates. The amount of sugar should be reduced 2 times compared with the norm. The total volume of carbohydrates in the menu during the day should be 350 g.
History of acute and chronic biliary pancreatitis
The development of acute and chronic biliary pancreatitis is directly associated with cholelithiasis. Relapses of this disease occur due to the movement of small stones. The aggravation of the disease can very often be predicted after the stone therapy has been performed.
It is not always biliary pancreatitis that occurs due to small stones or a serious violation of the diet. Most often, seizures are experienced by gourmets. The fact is that delicious food serves as a "provoker" of spasms of the gallbladder, pancreatic edema develops.
Recently, in the developed countries, the number of diseases with biliary pancreatitis has decreased. The result of this, most likely, can be considered the conduct of early operations when the patient has the appropriate colic. The litholytic therapy, consisting in the dissolution of stones, has a positive effect.