In our time to solve the problem of hemorrhoids, in cases where conservative treatment does not help to get rid of constantly inflamed and dropping nodes, minimally invasive painless operations are used. Cryotherapy is very popular among specialists and patients. This method is based on the fact that the pathogenic cones are frozen by liquid nitrogen having a temperature of -196 ° C., or another cooling substance. Proctologists offer this method of getting rid of pathology in those cases when the patient has an addiction to medicines, there are age restrictions, general anesthesia is contra-indicated or hospitalization is not desirable.
When cryodestruction of hemorrhoidal nodes is performed, the blood flow in the inflamed cone stops, it dies and is rejected by the body. The best results of this procedure are noted in cases when it is carried out at the II-III stage of the development of the disease. For its carrying out the cryoprobe is used. This apparatus is connected to a cylinder with liquid nitrogen by several small tubes. This structure of the apparatus allows during the cryodestruction to regulate the supply of cooling agent to the inflamed hemorrhoids. In most patients, carrying out these procedures does not require anesthesia, since it practically does not cause unpleasant sensations. Local anesthesia is only used when a person has a low threshold of pain sensitivity. The method of cryodestruction when delivering a patient from hemorrhoids has a number of undeniable advantages:
- The procedure for removing inflamed hemorrhoids with low temperatures does not require the use of anesthesia, usually there are enough drugs for local anesthesia;
- This mini-operation is equally effective both for internal and for external pathology;
- Cryodestruction of hemorrhoids does not require the patient to be placed in a hospital. The procedure is carried out on an outpatient basis;
- To a habitual way of life after this operation, a person can return within a few hours;
- This minimally invasive technique can be used even if the patient has any pathologies( fistulas, cracks, inflammation), in which other methods of treating hemorrhoids are contraindicated;
- Neither at the time of cryodestruction, nor after it, patients feel any discomfort, and their general condition does not deteriorate;
- During the removal of hemorrhoids at low temperatures, minimal blood loss is observed;
- The duration of such a mini-operation is no more than half an hour;
- A short rehabilitation process and no side effects.
Technique for cryodestruction of hemorrhoidal nodes
Before the operation, the patient needs to undergo a series of instrumental and diagnostic studies, determined by a specialist after a primary examination. After receiving the results, the proctologist is assigned the day of the procedures and instructed on the rules for preparing for the removal of hemorrhoids by cryodestruction. Preparatory measures consist in complete cleaning of the intestines with the help of laxatives taken 12 to 16 hours before the procedure, or enema. After the intestine is completely emptied, it is necessary to conduct hygienic procedures and shave off the hair from the perineal region. The technique for carrying out cryodestruction of hemorrhoids is as follows:
- The patient is placed in a proctological chair, his legs are bent at the knees and pressed against the stomach;
- A special dilator is introduced into the rectum providing access to the operating field. It has a lateral slot into which the node to be removed falls;
- To the cone that fell into the slot of the expander, a freezing device is brought in and processed by nitrogen;
- After all the pathological zones in the rectum have been treated, the expander is removed, and a tampon with ointment is inserted into its place.
The session of the cryodestruction of hemorrhoids with liquid nitrogen is carried out quickly. The time of exposure to one lump is determined by the proctologist and is 2 to 5 minutes. The process of their dying begins almost immediately after exposure to cold, and complete rejection will occur on the 5th-7th day. At this time on the site of dead hemorrhoids can form small wounds that are healed by conservative methods. The complete process of recovery of the body after cryodestruction lasts 10 days. In 95% of cases, after such a mini-operation, the patient fully recovers. The main recommendations that are given after carrying out cryodestruction of hemorrhoids are as follows:
- The use of rectal suppositories with a soothing and enveloping action, as well as antimicrobial ointments created on the basis of enveloping components;
- Power correction. The diet should be dominated by plant foods;
- Inspection of a proctologist in a month.