How is disseminated multiple sclerosis transmitted and whether the disease is transmitted at the gene level

1 Who is more likely to suffer from

As a rule, the development of multiple sclerosis is observed in the age of 20-40 years, although it is possible to debut both in childhood and at the age of more than 40 years, and the female is more likely to suffer from this ailment.

It has also been revealed that a greater prevalence of multiple sclerosis is found in the northern part of Europe and America, and less often in southern Europe, Africa and Asia. In addition, one should take into account the fact that when living up to 15 years in a territory with a low risk of morbidity in the future, the likelihood of developing multiple sclerosis is also low, even if after 15 years the place of residence has changed to a place with a higher frequency of manifestations of the disease. Conversely, if a person has lived up to 15 years in a territory with a high incidence rate, he has a greater risk of getting sick even when moving to a location with more favorable conditions regarding this issue.

Thus, no matter what specific environmental factors lead to an increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis, they generally operate until the age of 15 years. It should be emphasized that, taking into account the prevalence in the world of this disease, the propensity to sclerosis of disseminated form is due to factors of heredity and the environment, hereditary features of the immunity of a certain person, although, unfortunately, today this tendency can not be revealed by common analyzes.

2 Paths of the emergence and development of the pathology of

Because the ailment is constantly spreading, in fact, compared with the former, modern indicators have increased, today actively exploring the ways of its occurrence. The main risks of the onset and development of multiple sclerosis of disseminated form are attributed to weakened immunity, race and host area.

To the modern reasons include the presence of bacterial and viral infections, unfavorable ecology, radiation, malnutrition, the penetration of toxins into the body, a sharp change of mood, stress and traumatism. In this case, both internal and external stimuli exert a corresponding influence on the origin and development of the disease. In turn, genetics is not the last place in this issue.

For a very long time, multiple sclerosis was not included in the list of diseases of a hereditary nature, moreover, many scientists tried to prove that such an ailment is not in nature. However, it was later found out that the risks for people with ailing relatives are much higher in comparison with the total number of patients affected by this disease. It is this statistics that drew the attention of specialists of this field to the disease.

So, if the family has a patient with multiple sclerosis, there is a risk that the disease will be transmitted not only to children, but also to close relatives along the same line, which include brothers and sisters. At the birth of identical twins, the risk of developing an illness for the second will be in the range of 20-35%.For raznoyaytsevyh, having different genotypes, the possibility of disease is reduced to 5%.

It turns out that multiple sclerosis can still be called a hereditary disease, but only partially.

Although the disease can not be considered transmitted as a cause of other causes, it is more related to the acquired.

With regard to predisposition, after some studies it was found that more than one gene is involved in this process. This information was obtained on the basis of the analysis of several families, among whom there were patients with sclerosis. So, people with this predisposition are much more likely to inherit genes. These genes include the leukocyte antigen( HLA), the location of which is in the sixth chromosome. HLA antigens are genetically inherited protein compounds that have a significant effect on the functional activity of the immune system.