Carvedilol is a vasodilator used in the treatment of arterial hypertension, ischemic heart disease by type of arrhythmia and angina. Therefore, today we will review the instructions for the use of Carvedilol, its price, analogues and reviews of doctors and patients.
Features of the preparation
Composition
The main active substance Carvedilol is a propyl alcohol derivative having substituents at positions 1 and 3 on carbazole and ethyl derivatives. The chemical formula of the active substance is C24H26N2O4.
Complementary substances that improve the absorption properties of the drug and promote activation of the active substance include simple sugars - milk and cane( lactose and sucrose), derivatives of polysaccharides - methyl cellulose and croscarmellose sodium, polyvidon K25 and crospovidone.
Dosage forms of
Carvedilol is available in a single dosage form - tableted. The active substance can be contained in 2 quantitative varieties: 12.5 and 25 mg. Tablets are packed in 10 and 30 pieces in cardboard packs.
The cost of carvedilol varies from 78 to 185 rubles, depending on the pharmaceutical manufacturer, the amount of the active ingredient and the improving auxiliaries. Modern online pharmacies have a complete list of all types of tablets, the prices of which do not exceed the purchased tablets for cash.
The drugs
- α1-adrenoreceptors are blocked a hundred times worse than β-adrenergic receptors. Has a retarding effect on the production of vasopressin by the supraoptic nucleus of the lower part of the intermediate brain - the hypothalamus.
- Postload on the heart decreases due to vasodilation of arterial vessels.
- Renal renal secretion does not decrease, however its active action in blood plasma is blocked.
- Metabolic effect on the concentration of electrolytes and lipids in the blood plasma Carvedilol has no effect.
- Migratory and proliferative properties of vascular muscles are reduced.
Carvedilol reduces the heart rate and the squeezing effect of the capillaries of the lungs. The functions of reducing the muscle layer of the heart are restored.
Pharmacodynamics
Complete absorption of the drug is detected 1 hour after its use. The bioavailability of cannedilol is 25%.With hepatic diseases and a deviation from the normal course of the "first passage" effect through the hepatic cells, the bioavailability index increases to 80%.
The food environment during the use of the drug does not reduce the bioavailability, but increases the penetration of the active substance into the blood plasma. Young people have a concentration of Carvedilol in the blood 1.5 times, reduced compared with the concentration of the drug in elderly patients.
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The opinion of doctors. .. & gt; & gt;
The half-life of Carvedilol reaches 10 hours. In a free state, the drug is contained in blood plasma at a concentration not exceeding 1%, the rest of the drug is integrated into the protein-drug complex.
Pharmacokinetics
The main way to remove the final products of Carvedilol is bile. Through the urinary system, not more than 2% of the active substance is excreted. Long-term exposure to the body of laboratory animals showed no signs of malignant growth of cells.
The effect on the body of fetuses when the drug was administered into the body of pregnant rats had a lethal outcome in most cases. High mortality was also observed in the feeding of newborn rats with milk in case of penetration of Carvedilol through the organism of the nursing female. The surviving rats suffered a sharp decrease in body weight and impaired development of the musculoskeletal system.
Indications for use Carvedilola
The drug is recommended for use in consultation with the treating doctor as a medicine, along with other cardiac drugs. Diseases in which Carvedilol is shown:
- heart failure in chronic form;
- angina pectoris type of ischemic heart disease;
- arterial hypertension.
Pregnant women Carvedilol is prescribed in cases of exceeding the risk of life and health of a woman over the potential risk of drug penetration into the fetus. If it is impossible to cancel the drug, breastfeeding is contraindicated. Children under 18 exclude the prescription of a medicinal product.
Next, the instruction for the use of Carvedilol will be considered.
Instruction for
Carvedilol tablets are taken orally. Ingestion is not associated with the time of ingestion or its absence for a long time, but it is necessary to drink medicinal product.
- The scheme of application of the drug assumes the initial dose - 1 tablet of 25 mg in the morning during the week - two.
- After the period of application the analysis of the therapeutic effect is carried out, and in case of a positive action of the active substance, a dosage in the amount of 2 tablets of 25 mg can be increased.
- The maximum daily dose of Carvedilol is 50 mg.
- For older people not allowed to use the drug in quantities exceeding 25 mg, it is better to use tablets of 12.5 mg or 6.25 mg.
Contraindications
With caution or full restriction Carvedilol is used in the following cases:
- severe liver disease;
- acute heart failure;
- a sharp decrease in the heart rate;
- of an individual intolerance to the active ingredient or auxiliary components of the preparation;
- conduction abnormality in an atrioventricular node of moderate to severe severity;
- arterial hypotension;
- shock of cardiogenic etiogenesis;
- insufficient conductivity in the sine node.
Side effects of
During blood tests after application of the drug, a decrease in the number of leukocytes and platelets can be detected. In individual patients, various reactions of an allergic nature are detected.
The functioning of the urinary and digestive system, the liver, is not excluded. Some patients complained of having a headache, intermittent claudication, a depressed condition, insomnia.
Special instructions
The drug is withdrawn during the forthcoming operation. Patients with a condition of a hypotension, broncho-pulmonary diseases should use analogues of a warm preparation.
Reviews
Reviews and comments from patients and practicing physicians indicate a positive dynamics of drug exposure, but some patients complain of the above side effects.
And no less than the number of positive responses about the effectiveness of the drug exceeds the amount of negative.
Analogues
Modern pharmaceutics has 14 analogues of Carvedilol. Among the most popular are Talliton, Atram, Dilatrend, Coriol and others.
More details about the features of the drug Carvedilol will be told by a specialist in the video below: