Symptoms and treatment of cysts in the head

1 What is a cyst in the brain?

Immediately it is necessary to say that the cyst is not an oncological disease. Cyst is the formation inside which there is a cerebral fluid. Not only can one cyst appear, but several can appear in different parts of the brain. Depending on where they are located, several different types of neoplasms are distinguished.

Colloidal cysts in the head can form in the brain of the embryo when the central nervous system develops. The main danger is associated with a decrease in cerebrospinal fluid flow, which can cause various complications: the appearance of cerebral hernia, hydrocephalus, until the fatal outcome. In some cases, the colloidal neoplasm does not manifest itself in any way, and a person can live a lifetime without knowing about the existence of formations in the brain.

Pineal formations develop in the pituitary, or pineal body. If the cyst of this species is not detected in time, severe consequences may occur( hydrocephalus, visual impairment, encephalitis).

Arachnoid neoplasms are named at the place of formation: in the spider webs of the brain. Patterning is filled with cerebrospinal fluid. It is usually diagnosed in male or male children. When the pressure becomes greater than intracranial pressure, characteristic symptoms appear. Neoplasm can be acquired, usually due to infectious diseases and inflammations. The cyst can be congenital, as a violation of embryo development.

The epidermoid and dermoid cyst in the head appears in the first days of embryo development. In the body cysts often find fat and hair fibers. To avoid serious consequences, it is necessary to conduct an operation to remove the education as soon as possible.

2 Symptoms of

Symptoms of the appearance of cysts in the head can be either general or specific. Symptoms that are specific depends on how quickly the growth and development of education and how it affects the brain grows.

The main symptoms of development of the pathogenesis are expressed as follows:

• movement coordination is disrupted;
• impairs vision and hearing;
• may have hallucinations;
• with hearing loss, there is a noise in the ears;
• dizziness;
• frequent headaches;
• paresis of the limbs;
• tremor of hands and feet;
• periodic loss of consciousness;
• problems with sleeping;
• , children sometimes experience nausea and vomiting;
• in the head may appear a feeling of squeezing or bursting, pulsation.

Often the development of a cyst in the head can take place completely without symptoms unpleasant for the patient. The more important it is to regularly undergo a complete examination, as it allows to reveal the presence of formations at different stages of the

. When diagnosing a cyst, the most important task is to determine the causes of its appearance. As already mentioned, the cyst can also be an inborn anomaly, which appeared at the stage of embryonic development. Provoke her appearance may be head injuries, including those received by the child at the time of birth. Provoke the development of tumors may impair blood circulation in the brain and various disorders, when healthy cells of the brain tissue degenerate into cystic formations.

3 Cyst of the brain in newborns

In newborns, the cyst of the brain is a fluid filled formation that replaces the deceased portion of the brain. Just like in adults, the cysts in the head in newborns can be single and multiple, differ in localization:

1. The cyst of the vascular plexuses is an insignificant deviation from the norm, as it emerges during the intrauterine development of the child, it eventually regresses and gradually disappears. Such education will not affect the child's mental activity. It can be dangerous only if it occurs after the birth of the child. Then the cysts in the head of the newborn can be the result of diseases that were transferred during pregnancy to the mother( especially the herpes virus) and inflammations.
2. The arachnoid cyst in newborns has the same manifestations as the corresponding formation in adults. Education appears on the shells of the brain, can greatly increase in size, thus causing significant pressure on the brain. The result can be a deterioration in the general condition of the child, as well as convulsive seizures and neurological symptoms, which eventually only progress.
3. Subendymal cyst may appear in newborns due to insufficient blood circulation and oxygen supply to the brain. As a result, the cells of the brain begin to die, and a cyst is formed in their place. This is a serious violation that requires effective treatment.

Children in the head of the cyst are formed after inflammatory processes, including meningitis, as well as with hemorrhage, trauma. It is worthwhile to understand that the characteristic feature of the formations is their further growth. Over time, the disease progresses and begins to squeeze the adjacent areas of the brain.

4 The main causes of

The causes of the progression of the disease largely depend on its localization. The growth of the arachnoidal type of disease can trigger an increase in fluid pressure in the pathogenesis itself, rapidly progressing inflammation and concussion( provided that the cyst was already formed, but did not manifest itself).

The reasons for the accelerated development of the cyst located inside the brain and new formations are as follows:

• if a circulatory disturbance in the brain continues, new foci of micro-stroke appear;
• progression of some diseases: multiple sclerosis, neuroinfection, encephalomyelitis, that is, the process of degradation of the brain substance continues.

The cyst located in the head is very easy to detect and monitor with the help of MRI or computed tomography. During the study, you can find out the size of the formations, their number and exact location. To obtain more accurate results, in order not to confuse the cyst with the tumor, the patient is administered a contrast agent. It is known that they accumulate the substance of the tumor, but it does not remain in the cysts.

The gradual increase in the cyst over time indicates that the brain is still responding to the damaging factor.

Consequences of cyst formation in the head can be very severe, it is necessary to establish the cause of the disease in time and to prescribe timely effective treatment.

In addition to analyzing with the help of tomography for diagnosis of the disease, a blood test is prescribed and the blood flow in the vessels is evaluated. Based on the results of the research, a treatment plan is prepared.

To detect the cyst in the head, infants use ultrasound. The effectiveness of this method of diagnosis in this case is ensured by the fact that the fontanelle overgrowth has not yet occurred and the bones of the skull have not closed.

5 Methods of treatment

The method of effective cyst treatment is largely determined by the factor that influenced its development. If the cyst does not cause bright symptoms, most often no treatment is required. The appearance of active progressive education may require effective treatment.

Conservative method involves the use of medications. They act on the cause of the appearance of formations. Used drugs aimed at improving blood circulation and eliminating adhesions. With the progression of inflammatory processes or infectious diseases, antiviral and antibacterial drugs are prescribed.

Simultaneously prescribe a medicine that allows you to lower blood pressure, reduce blood clotting and lower cholesterol. Together they are prescribed drugs that provide brain cells with glucose, and antioxidants that increase resistance to high intracranial pressure.

Radical methods are used when urgent surgical intervention is necessary. There are 3 methods of removal of the cyst of the brain:

1. Trepanation is the most traumatic method of treatment, but at the same time the most radical.
2. Bypass. In the formation for a while, a drainage pipe is installed through which the liquid gradually leaves. After complete evacuation of the cyst, its decline and gradual overgrowth are observed. The main drawback of the method is the high probability of infection with the infection, since the tube is long enough inside the skull.
3. Endoscopy. In doing so, puncture the cysts and pump out the liquid. After that, the cyst grows quickly. Advantages of endoscopy - rapid recovery from surgery, minimal risk of infection or development of complications. The main drawback - in some cases, using a device cyst can not get it because of its uncomfortable location.

The consequence of untimely or substandard treatment of the cyst, regardless of its type, may develop hydrocephalus( also called hydrocephalus), a disease in which movement of the cerebral fluid from the place of secretion to the site of absorption is hampered. The most unpleasant consequence may be a sudden death of the patient.