The medicine was created in 1960.Clinical trials in laboratories and time have passed. Despite the danger of side effects, specialists appreciate the drug for its high efficiency. And today we will consider in more detail indications for use and instructions for the preparation Amiodarone, its reviews, prices and analogues.
Features of the preparation
The drug among antiarrhythmic drugs has established itself as one of the best. The drug should be administered with caution, taking into account side effects. For a long time, medicine was considered by cardiologists as "last resort".
A number of studies have shown that the drug not only has the characteristic of the most effective, but also in comparison with drugs of this direction is the most safe. Observations and the study of statistical data revealed that the use of amiodarone leads to a reduction in mortality rates, including sudden death.
Arrhythmogenic effects on the background of taking the drug are seen in one percent of patients, which is the minimum number in comparison with other drugs. Specialists prescribe amiodarone, if there are indications, to patients, including those with heart lesions of an organic nature.
The following English-language video with useful diagrams is a very detailed study of the drug Amiodarone:
Composition of Amiodarone
The main active substance is amiodarone hydrochloride. Each tablet contains it in an amount of 200 mg.
Additional substances:
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The opinion of doctors. .. & gt; & gt;
- sodium carboxymethyl starch,
- povidone,
- lactose monohydrate,
- silica,
- magnesium stearate,
- cornstarch,
- microcrystalline cellulose.
Dosage forms
The drug is available in the form of round tablets. They have a planocylindrical shape. On one side of the tablet, there is a risk and a chamfer is selected. The color of the drug is white, it may look approximately white.
The package contains three blisters of 10 pieces of tablets. The average package price is 135 rubles.
Now it's time to talk about the mechanism of action of Amiodarone.
The drug has an effect on the body: - antianginal - removal of the prerequisites of myocardial ischemia,
- antiarrhythmic - normalization of the state for heart rhythm disturbances.
Pharmacodynamics
- The action of the drug is aimed at reducing the need of the heart muscles in oxygen. There is such an effect due to the blocking of channels, which let ions pass to a greater degree of potassium. The channels associated with the passage of calcium ions are blocked to a lesser degree.
- As a result of such changes in the operation of the channels, conductivity is slowed, while at the same time the period when the atrioventricular and sinus node returns to normal mode of operation is prolonged.
- The drug has a relaxing effect on the smooth muscles of the coronary vessels. Thus, the action of the drug helps increase the lumen of the coronary vessels, which reduces the resistance in them.
Pharmacokinetics
Half of the dose of the drug is absorbed in the body. Ninety-six percent of the bio-available substance comes into contact with plasma proteins.
The active substance accumulates in the organs:
- spleen,
- of the liver,
- of the lungs.
Also the main component is deposited in the tissues of the fat layer. The drug is excreted through bile.
Indications
The agent is prescribed in such conditions:
- atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation,
- ventricular arrhythmias that can pose a threat to life;
- patients with a diagnosis of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, who have seizures of supraventricular tachycardia( paroxysmal);
- supraventricular arrhythmias - even in cases where other similar drugs can not be used or they do not help, and if there is an organic lesion of the heart.
The instructions for the use of amiodarone tablets and solution will be considered in the following.
Instruction for use
The dose of medication taken once is determined individually by the doctor. On average, the following standards are adopted:
- single dose maximal - 400 mg,
- the same average therapeutic dose - 200 mg,
- daily dose maximum - 1200 mg,
- the same average therapeutic dose - 400 mg.
Tablets are taken before meals. Drink the drug with water.
Contraindications
The drug is not used if the patient has:
- thyroid dysfunction,
- hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, including iodine;
- of sinus insufficiency syndrome;
- cardiogenic shock,
- sinus bradycardia,
- conduction disorder of pronounced nature,
- AV blockade.
For information on the side effects of amiodarone, see below.
Side effects of
Adverse effects of
Adverse events
- Asystole,
- bronchiolitis,
- micro retinal detachment,
- craniocerebral hypertension,
- nightmares,
- epididymitis,
- optic neuritis,
- photosensitization,
- pneumonia,
- disruption
- hyperthyroidism,
- hypothyroidism,
- allergy,
- alopecia,
- extrapyramidal tremor,
- peripheral neuropathies,
- anemia,
- nausea,
- peripheral myopathies,
- lung fibrosis,
- AV blockade,
- vomiting,
- pneumonitis,
- bradycardia,
- ataxia,
- pleurisy.
Special instructions
The drug may cause side effects. It is noticed that this happens more often with prolonged medication. Uncomfortable conditions arise from statistics in half of patients taking the remedy.
At the same time, negative side effects cause the drug to be withdrawn from 5 ÷ 25% of users. Particular attention should be given to the state of vision.
- On the eve of the treatment course and at intervals of three months, a patient should be examined, which must necessarily include an electrocardiogram.
- In order to avoid negative effects from the use of the drug, you should prescribe a dose for reception in a minimum amount of a substance that can give a therapeutic effect.
- A patient taking amiodarone should avoid activities requiring precision and attention. And also it is necessary to give up lessons related to the danger, including driving the car.
- If the patient has shortness of breath or a cough, check the condition of the lungs. With symptoms of lung damage, it is recommended to take an X-ray picture of the chest every six months.
- To avoid the effect of photosensitivity, direct sun rays should be avoided. If you have to go to open places, you should take protective measures.
- During the treatment the preparation shows a regular examination of the cornea of the eye. Observation of the patient by an ophthalmologist can provide information on whether there is an opportunity to continue treatment with amiodarone.
- The drug contains iodine. Therefore in the decision it is possible to apply it for the concrete patient, and whether the course brings harm to a status of a thyroid gland, the endocrinologist participates.
Reviews
- Many users note that they experienced side effects of the medicine: heartbeat. Some patients endured these symptoms and found that the discomfort of the drug was gone. The state of health began to improve, arrhythmias recede.
- The patient notes that extrasystoles have stopped since taking amiodarone.
- An elderly man was relieved with a diagnosis of angina pectoris. Arrhythmias began to show less often.
- A young woman began to suffer rhythm disturbances after childbirth. Responds positively about the drug, helped get rid of the arrhythmia.
Analogues
Analgesics
Rhythmiodarone,
In the video below, Elena Malysheva will tell you about what food antiarrhythmics do not combine, including Amiodarone: