What antibiotics can I take with otitis in adults and children?

1 The need for

In children and adults, the treatment regimen includes the mandatory intake of antibiotics. This is due to the development of the inflammatory process. But many ENTs believe that before the perforation of the membrane and the exit of the exudative fluid, there is no need for antibiotic therapy.

The acute form of the disease lasts for 5 days. Antimicrobial treatment is indicated if symptomatic therapy of catarrhal otitis is ineffective. The patient continues to complain of ear pain, deterioration of hearing acuity, general intoxication of the body.

If, in otitis media, a child or an adult has purulent discharge, then they examine the microflora, determining its sensitivity to antibiotics. In the absence of access to exudate, a puncture is indicated, or antibiotics of wide action are prescribed. To prevent complications, patients with low immunity also receive antibiotics.

In acute form of purulent otitis in a child and adult, it is recommended to take first-line drugs( Amoxicillin, Ceftriaxone, Dioxydin).Less commonly, antibiotic therapy is provided for catarrhal and exudative otitis media. Since the aforementioned drugs help thicken the secret, catarrhs ​​take antibiotics-macrolides( Azithromycin, Roxithromycin).Their action is aimed at dilution and removal of secretions.

To specialists of a wide range of effects specialists include Ampicillin, Augmentin. If the patient is not allergic to semisynthetic penicillins, then he is prescribed Amoxicillin. This drug is not contraindicated in pregnant and lactating mothers. Amoxicillin has an antiseptic and antimicrobial effect on the inflamed hearing organs. Nelmicin has good therapeutic indices. It takes no more than 2 weeks.

2 Pediatric and Adult Therapy

Antibiotics for otitis in children are taken after assessing their general condition and determining follow-up treatment tactics. Preparations of this group are prescribed for the moderate and severe course of the disease, including its complications. Treatment of mild otitis in children older than 2 years is the taking of analgesics, the use of ear drops, compresses and ointments. But with the manifestation of signs of intoxication, antibiotic therapy is carried out. The child is hospitalized.

What antibiotics to drink, the doctor decides in each case individually. Most experts prefer the drug Amoxicillin. If during 2 days from the moment of the beginning of his admission the state of health of a small patient does not improve, then the doctor appoints a new preparation of cephalosporin series. During the course of therapy, it is necessary to drink tablets in the dosage indicated by the doctor. An unmotivated dose reduction may lead to a relapse of the disease.

To reduce swelling and prevent infection from passing to the nasopharynx, children with otitis are prescribed nasal droplets:

• Sanorin - applied 2-3 times a day. The main component is nefazoline nitrate. Of the additional substances specialists give boric acid, water. In the process of taking Sanorin, the heartbeat of a child may become more frequent. The drug is contraindicated in hypertension and tachycardia;
• Tysin - before its application, the nasal passages are cleared. The main component is tetrisoline hydrochloride. Drops are used 1-2 times a day.

In adults, otitis media is often infectious. Treatment of the disease includes taking analgesics, anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics. At the same time it is recommended to conduct warming procedures, washing the hearing organs with antiseptics. Antibiotic is prescribed taking into account the type of infection developing in the ears. In severe illness, oral and intramuscular injections are simultaneously prescribed. With an acute process, Amoxiclavum, Romamicin is more often prescribed. Antibiotic therapy with caution is performed in elderly patients.

3 Acute and chronic course of the disease

If the otitis occurs in an acute form, then a sharp increase in symptoms, a rapid deterioration in overall health. The patient complains of painful pains in the ear, high body temperature. In such cases, the doctor prescribes local antibacterial drops and ointments. If necessary, take systemic medications. Combined antibiotics are characterized by a wider impact and high functional activity. From the standard therapy for acute otitis media, the ENTs are distinguished as follows:

1. Neomycin + Bacitracin.
2. Polymyxin + Hydrocortisone.

To treat the acute form of the ailment under consideration it is possible with the help of any antibiotic of wide and bactericidal effect. Most doctors prescribe semisynthetic penicillins, which are resistant to beta-lactamases( Dokloksatsillin).

Children can be assigned an otinum. The composition of these droplets includes choline salicylate. The drug has a pronounced disinfection and anti-inflammatory effect. The otinum drips 3-4 times a day. Pre-antibiotic for otitis warm up.

Incorrect or untimely therapy of acute otitis provokes the development of a chronic form of the disease. In this process, different types of bacteria are mixed in the exudate, which complicates the choice of medications and the appointment of a therapy regimen. If chronic otitis is difficult to treat, then designate Sparflo, Avelox. Preparations are taken for 10-14 days. At the same time it is recommended to drink antifungal and normalizing microflora drugs, including vitamin complexes. To destroy immobile and active bacteria, take Ciprofloxacin.

4 The average and purulent form of the disease

More often the doctor diagnoses middle otitis media - inflammation of the middle ear. Antibiotics are taken with the development of complications, prolonged inflammation, the presence of fluid in the ear. If the type of pathogen is not established, then the systemic drug Amoxicillin is prescribed. This drug is taken three times a day. In the absence of effect, Cefuroxime is prescribed.

With purulent otitis, the inner membrane bursts, which contributes to the outflow of pus. The patient is recommended to wash the hearing organs with antimicrobial medications that do not have ototoxic effects. At the same time, combined antibiotic solutions are injected into the ear cavity. The above-described procedures are carried out by an otolaryngologist in a hospital.

Antibiotic therapy for purulent otitis media includes the use of complex medications( Erythromycin, Clarithromycin).With complications and a protracted course of pathology, the treatment regimen includes non-steroids( Olfen).Children can be given Ospamox.

"Gold standard" in the treatment of purulent otitis media is Amoxicillin. This drug is released separately or in combination with other active ingredients. In the first case, the name of the drug coincides with the name of the active substance( Amoxicillin), and in the second case the drug is called Flemoxin solutab( manufacturer Holland).The analogues of the first drug include Amoxicillin Clavulanate. Its active substances are amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. The drug is produced in tablets and in the form of a powder. Adults should take Clavulanate 3 times a day.

5 Alternative medicines

An alternative to Amoxicillin Clavulanate is Ceftriaxone, a 3-generation cephalosporin drug. This medication is available in the form of a powder that is easily diluted on its own. Systemic antibiotics for purulent otitis continue to take up to 3 days after the symptoms of the disease have been eliminated.

If purulent otitis is in the perforated stage, then the reception of local antibiotic drops is indicated. Dioxydin - a synthetic medication, available in the form of powder and solution. Adults appoint 1% solution of dioxidine. The drug is instilled in the inflamed ear after removal of pus.

Specialists treat other antibiotic drops for adults and children as Cipromed - a potent remedy that exerts a pronounced antibacterial effect. The composition of the drug includes ciprofloxacin, which suppresses bacterial DNA.Before applying Cipromed, the inflamed ear is washed and dried. The remedy is applied 3 times a day. Treatment is carried out until the symptoms are completely eliminated. The drug is contraindicated for use in viral keratitis.

Children can drip Anauran, which includes such active ingredients as lidocaine, neomycin. The drug is digested with a pipette. After instillation, the child must hold his head tilted. Anauran is applied three times a day for a week.

Children older than one year are prescribed:

• Otofa - the main component is rifampicin. Before use, the drops are heated or held in the palms. The drug is applied 2 times a day. Therapy lasts up to 7 days. During the course of treatment, the child may develop a rash and redness. Otoffa is not prescribed if the child is allergic to the main component;
• Otisol - has a combined composition( phenazone, benzocaine).A special pipette will be needed to administer the drug. The therapy lasts 3-10 days.

6 Rare diseases

When the external otitis affects the skin of the ear and the periosteum, located under the dermis. In the absence of the possibility of examining the state of the tympanic membrane, the doctor prescribes antibiotics for internal and external otitis.

In the latter case, it is mandatory to take ear drops and antimicrobial ointments, which are inserted into the ear canal with a cotton swab. It must be changed every 3 hours throughout the day. Mandatory additional methods of therapy( compresses, intake of vitamins) are carried out.

If the otitis media of the middle ear runs without pain and high fever, then antibiotics are not taken.

For the enhancement of mucolytic activity, Roxithromycin is indicated. The drug is taken for 14 days. If the inflammatory process provoked a hemophilic rod, then the course of therapy lasts six months.

In case of internal otitis, the patient can be prescribed antibiotic drops of the following types:

• hormonal anti-inflammatory - Otipax, consists of lidocaine and phenazone, which enhance analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. To get a positive result, the drug is applied three times a day;
• solutions( Normaks);
• combined, which combine the action of the glucocorticoid and antibiotic( Sofraks).

Anauran can be used for any acute and chronic otitis media. He is assigned to adults and children. Drops of Sofradex are prescribed if the otitis occurs with conjunctivitis. Ear solutions, which include corticosteroids, are cautiously prescribed to women in the condition and newborn babies.

Antibiotics in drops are recommended to be stored in the manufacturer's packaging. Storage conditions:

• is dark, dry and inaccessible to children;
• compliance with the temperature conditions specified in the instructions for the use of a particular preparation.

In case of improper storage, ear drops from otitis may lose their properties. The shelf life of such funds is 2-3 years. Do not use antibiotics in drops after they expire. Since small children are more susceptible to otitis due to a weak immune system, so in order to prevent disease, vitamin therapy, a healthy lifestyle, proper nutrition are indicated.