Acute enteritis is an inflammatory disease of the small intestine mucosa. Often, it can simultaneously occur with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, that is, with gastritis and colitis. Complete recovery does not take much time, however, there are cases when the disease becomes severe.
Symptoms of acute enteritis in children will depend on the type of etiology of the disease and the reactivity of the immune system.
Alimentary form is manifested primarily after the use of indigestible products. Initially, children may experience symptoms of dyspeptic disorder - there is no appetite, nausea occurs, in some cases vomiting, a feeling of heaviness in the epigastric region predominates. Later, cramping pains begin to appear in the periapical zone, which will be accompanied by a noisy rumbling followed by a copious stool. Also, children with acute enteritis have a feeling of weakness, headaches and dizziness.
Symptoms of toxic form will develop suddenly. Initially, there will be a feeling of weakness, nausea, a little pain, salivation, and then vomiting and diarrhea begin. The chair acquires a mushy state, later becomes watery with an acidic or putrid smell. There is an easy, medium and severe form of the disease. In the case of a mild form of toxic acute enteritis, recovery occurs quickly and without the use of a particularly large number of drugs.
The average form of acute enteritis will be accompanied by general disorders, sensations of nausea, the occurrence of vomiting and diarrhea. The chair becomes more frequent 10 times a day, blood and mucus impurities can be seen in fecal masses. Painful sensations have a cutting and cramping characteristic. The temperature regime of the body in children rises to 39 degrees.
With severe form of acute enteritis, signs of intoxication are even more pronounced.
The allergic form develops rapidly, a few hours after the allergen has been introduced into the body. Painful sensations can be very strong, perhaps the appearance of a collapoid state. Simultaneously with the symptoms of an allergic reaction, other signs of allergy appear in the intestinal cavity.
Treatment of acute enteritis
The mild and moderate form of the disease will be after a few days, but severe cases can flow into the chronic type of the disease, cause intestinal bleeding, perforation and bowel necrosis. It is for these reasons, you can not run the course of acute enteritis in children on their own.
Even in mild cases it is recommended to perform intestinal washing with sodium bicarbonate solution, and also it is required to make an enema of chamomile broth. In acute enteritis, the administration of enzyme preparations is prescribed, and in the case of the infectious origin of the disease, antibiotics are prescribed. After the course of antibiotics was applied, therapy is required to restore the microflora, and consequently, the intake of probiotics is required.
With a pronounced general intoxication in children, cardiac funds, glucocorticoids, intravenous solution of sodium chloride or glucose solution are prescribed.
When acute enteritis is required to comply with bed rest and drink plenty of fluids.
A fundamental role in the treatment of acute enteritis is given to adherence to a specialized diet. It helps in excreting toxic substances and microbes from the body, while not injuring the cavity of the gastrointestinal tract. To begin with, you will need to spend several hungry days with sufficient fluid intake.
After such days, with acute enteritis, diet № 4 is appointed, under which the following products are banned: products with a large amount of fiber, milk in any form, eggs, smoked, spicy, salty, spicy and roasted. Then the expansion of the diet is allowed, but cooking should be boiled or steam-cooked.
In case of acute enteritis in children, the calorie content of food should not exceed 2000 kcal, where the fat content is 60 g, and the carbohydrate is 150 g. The amount of salt is 8 g. The intake of proteins can be kept normal, but it will be necessary to increase the intake of vitamins. At a medical diet it is allowed to consume not more than 40 g of butter and 50 g of sugar per day.
Foods with acute enteritis should be wiped or boiled consistency. The food should be divided - 5-6 times a day, while the portion should be small. Soups have a mucous condition, are cooked only on water on rice or oatmeal, while the croup itself should be well-brewed.
It is possible to use lean beef and fish, grated white chicken meat, liquid cereal with butter, rubbed low-fat cottage cheese, jelly, jelly and freshly squeezed citrus juices without adding sugar in the treatment of acute enteritis.