Cystitis is manifested by painful frequent urge to urinate. The disease is most common among women, regardless of age. The main reason for this is the anatomical features of the structure of the urethra.
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Cystitis in Pregnancy - Treatment and Causes of Disease -
Cystitis in Men Symptoms, Treatment and Medications -
Symptoms and Treatment for Haemorrhagic Cystitis -
Which doctor treats cystitis? -
Symptoms of chronic cystitis in women and its treatment
Acute cystitis: what is
The anatomy of the female urinary system is different in that the urethra is considerably shorter and wider than the male. This makes it vulnerable to penetration of all kinds of infections, and the location between the vagina and the anal opening is a favorable environment for the spread of pathogens.
The emergence of infectious and inflammatory processes lead to cystitis. For the disease is characterized by both acute and chronic form of the flow. The disease affects mainly the urinary tract. Acute cystitis responds well to treatment, but it often flows into a chronic form, with recurrent relapses.
Signs of development of acute cystitis are associated, mainly, with pain in the lower abdomen and painful rapid urination.
If there is cystitis with blood in the urine, then acute hemorrhagic cystitis can be diagnosed. This kind of disease often leads to serious complications in the form of obstruction of the urinary tract by blood clots, as well as hypochromic or iron deficiency anemia.
Causes of
The development of cystitis is caused by the following infectious agents:
- bacteria;
- fungus;
- virus;
In addition, there may be no bacterial causes of the occurrence - an allergic reaction, a side effect of taking medicines, toxic, chemical, radiation.
Promotes its appearance:
- weakening of immunity against the background of an earlier infectious-inflammatory disease;
- supercooling;
- clothing, worsening normal blood circulation in pelvic organs;
- non-compliance with personal hygiene;
- long intervals of emptying the bladder;
- wearing specific underwear - panties such as string, which increase the risk of infection;
- non-use of contraceptives;
- infectious diseases of the genitourinary sphere;
- pregnancy;
- surgical intervention and trauma to the mucosa;
- diabetes mellitus;
- menopause.
Important! Both individual factors and their combination can provoke cystitis in women.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Acute cystitis develops rapidly and is accompanied by a number of characteristic specific symptoms. Therefore, its diagnosis at an early stage of the course is not difficult.
Symptoms of cystitis in women who accompany it:
- frequent painful urination, to make the emptying of the bladder a woman has to make efforts;
- thread, burning and pain in the urethra at the end of the emptying process;
- urge in the toilet occur with a frequency of every 15 minutes;
- tenderness in the lower abdomen and in the urethra;
- there are night urinates in the toilet;
- urine acquires a cloudy hue, in some cases there is an admixture of blood;
- with acute cystitis often increases body temperature, worsens overall health, nausea, attacks of vomiting, chills.
Acute pain in cystitis can occur with a complicated course of the disease.
Diagnostics include examination of the patient, collection of anamnesis, a general analysis of blood and urine, as well as to identify the causative agent of the disease - the delivery of an analysis for the culture of microflora.
If acute cystitis with blood is observed, treatment requires additional diagnostic procedures to determine the cause of the appearance of blood in the urine.
Important! At signs of a course of an acute cystitis it is necessary to address to the doctor who treats a cystitis. How to treat the disease will prompt a urologist.
Treatment of acute cystitis: what to do
In most cases, rapid treatment of cystitis at home is possible. If symptoms appear, you should contact the urologist for appropriate appointments. With the diagnosis of "acute cystitis" treatment includes the administration of several groups of medications:
- anti-inflammatory drugs - nimesulide;
- antispasmodics and painkillers - no-spa, papaverine;
- antibacterial drugs - furadonin, amoksiklav, ampicillin.
Etiotropic therapy for acute cystitis includes treatment with drugs that are prescribed by the doctor, based on the individual characteristics of the course of the disease and in particular the establishment of the cause of its development, that is, the definition of the pathogen. However, experts recommend starting the reception of broad-spectrum antibiotics at the initial stage to prevent the progression of the disease, since the determination of the type of infection takes up to 10 days when the tests are submitted for sowing.
In the presence of a regular sexual partner, he may also be advised to take tests for seeding, since a man can be an infection carrier( for details on the symptoms and treatment of cystitis in men, see our article).With positive results, a course of treatment is prescribed. Most often, this situation occurs when the recurrence of the disease after a successful treatment.
In addition to taking medication to treat cystitis, you must:
- comply with bed rest, limiting physical activity;
- adhere to the limitations in nutrition. Diet in acute cystitis implies the exclusion from the diet of fatty, fried, salted, smoked food;
- drink more liquid, up to 2 liters a day;
- abstain from treatment for sexual intercourse.
In cases where the appearance of blood in the urine - hematuria, this may indicate a complicated nature of the course of the disease or exacerbation of concomitant diseases. Treatment in a hospital is necessary.
Given the etiology of the disease, treatment in the home of cystitis without drugs, the more quickly, it is not possible. It is necessary to take medications, whose action is aimed at eliminating the cause of the disease. Without medicamental treatment, as a rule, removes only the symptoms of acute cystitis.
Important! It is necessary to undergo a full course of treatment with prescribed medications, since the pain relief in the first few days can create a false impression that the disease has passed. This can lead to the development of a chronic form of the disease. In this case, there is an acute cystitis.
Acute cystitis in pregnancy
During pregnancy, the female body experiences an increased load, therefore, chronic diseases are often exacerbated, as well as diseases of the genitourinary tract develop. Acute cystitis during pregnancy often appears at any time. The cause of its occurrence is a violation of the blood supply of the pelvic organs due to the fetal vessels squeezed, as well as compression of the urethra, hormonal changes. Treatment in pregnant women should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist.
Treatment with folk remedies
In addition to taking medication, treatment of cystitis in women can be supplemented with folk remedies in the form of broths and infusions of medicinal herbs.
Collection of herbs
A decoction based on leaves of bearberry, horsetail and lingonberry has an anti-inflammatory effect. For its preparation 1 tbsp.l.herbs pour a glass of boiling water and insist until cooling, then filter and drink 2-3 times a day for half a glass. Also, these herbs can be purchased in pharmacy chains in the form of phyto tea.
Important! In addition, the inclusion in the diet of juices and juices from cranberries reduces the amount of mucus in the bladder. They also have anti-inflammatory and antibacterial action.
Horsetail and chamomile
During a painful urination, a decoction of horsetail and chamomile is taken. It is prepared from a mixture of herbs taken in equal proportions, poured into 1 cup of boiling water. Drink during the day in small portions.
Yarrow Yar.
Yarrow is useful, which possesses useful unique properties and is indicated for diseases of the genitourinary sphere. It reduces inflammation, promotes early recovery, strengthens immunity. It can be taken as a part of other medicinal collections, and independently. Is prepared as infusion or decoction.
- For infusion, pour 1 tbsp.l.herbs with boiling water, leave to cool, strain and drink half the glass 2 times a day.
- The broth should be prepared on a water bath: 1 tbsp.l. Yarrow is poured with 1 glass of water at room temperature and brought to a boil, leave for 2-3 hours, then also strain and drain. If necessary, bring the volume to 1 cup.
Widely used water baths and hot baths for cystitis cause an ambiguous evaluation. On the one hand, they alleviate the symptoms of the disease, on the other, the effect of heat can become a provoking factor for the development of infection.
Prevention of
The appearance of cystitis can be prevented by preventive measures. They include:
- using neutral means for intimate care, regular linen change and compliance with other personal hygiene rules;
- regular emptying of the bladder, prolonged constipation should be avoided;
- use of contraceptive methods during sexual intercourse;
- do not allow hypothermia;
- wearing comfortable, non-squeezing area of small pelvis clothing made from natural materials.
The prevention of cystitis is based on two principles: timely treatment of the acute form of the disease and prevention. Failure to comply with these simple rules can be a reason why cystitis worsens.