The frequency of allergic manifestations in people grows every year. People use different medicines to fight them. Sometimes you have to use folk remedies in connection with the ineffectiveness of improperly prescribed medication. Among the many drugs specialists give in certain situations a preference for "Pilpofen".Instructions for use, the price of tablets and injections of Pipolphen, its analogs and reviews about it are discussed in this article.
Features of the drug
"Pipolphene" refers to drugs that have anti-allergic effect. It is capable of blocking histamine receptors( type I), which are located in the central nervous system, its periphery.
Synonyms of Pipolphene
Composition of Pipolphene
The main component of the solution for injection is promethazine hydrochloride. Approximately 25 mg per ml of the solution of this substance.
Note the additional components of this medication:
- potassium pyrosulfite;
- water for injection;
- potassium pyrosulfite;
- sodium chloride.
In the composition of the tablets there are some differences:
- potato starch;
- magnesium stearate;
- lactose monohydrate;
- stearic acid;
- talcum powder;
- gelatin.
The shell also differs in its composition:
- glycerol;
- sucrose;
- gelatin;
- aravit blue;
- titanium dioxide;
- macrogol 35,000;
- talcum powder.
Dosage forms
Studied preparation Pipolphene is available in such forms of release:
- injection .It differs in transparency, greenish in color, there is no smell. Put a solution of pipolfen in glass ampoules;
- dragee .They have a shape similar to lentils, their color is light blue, the surface shines, the smell is almost imperceptible. Approximate cost of the drug Pipolphen is 847 rubles.
Pharmacological action
Solution, dragees are used in medical practice to perform the following actions:
- antiallergic;
- is local anesthetic;
- is a sedative;
- antiexudative;
- antipsychotic;
- depressing central nervous system;
- is an anti-inflammatory;
- is antipyretic;
- anxiolytic;
- sleeping pills.
Pharmacodynamics
- The therapeutic effect on the body is noted after 20 minutes from the time of introduction. The action lasts from 5 to 12 hours.
- Due to the anticholinergic effect, drying of the mucous membranes of the nose and mouth occurs. The central anticholinergic effect has an antiemetic effect. It also suppresses the function of the labyrinth, significantly reduces the excitability of the vestibular system, inhibits the work of the trigger chemoreceptor regions of the medulla oblongata.
- Sedative action becomes possible due to inhibition of histamine-K-methyltransferase, blockade of central receptors( histamine).
- No effect on the SSS if applied at the dosage indicated by the physician.
Pharmacokinetics
The solution is rapidly absorbed from the digestive tract. Binding of promethazine, plasma proteins reaches 90%.Possible penetration through the placental barrier, GEB.Metabolization takes place inside the liver through S-oxidation. In the urine, metabolites such as
- N-dimethyl-prometazine can be detected;
- promoxazine sulfoxides.
Excretion of T( 1/2) promethazine is performed for 7 to 15 hours mainly by kidneys, partially by the intestine.
Next, let's talk about the indications for the use of pipolfen.
Indications
This solution has many indications for use:
- allergic manifestations:
- pruritus,
- urticaria( including thermal, aquatic, cold, dermographic),
- hay fever,
- allergic conjunctivitis,
- serum sickness,
- rhinitis;
- Quincke edema;
- prevention of nausea, vomiting, which can occur in the postoperative period;
- motion sickness;
- allergy to medications( epinephrine);
- Ménière's disease;
- frostbite;
- elimination of postoperative pain;
- skin lesions( diathesis, eczema, toxicodermia, contact dermatitis, neurodermatitis);
- therapy for anaphylactic reactions;
- in the complex against convulsive syndrome;
- sedation before / after surgery.
Instruction for use
- Specialists do not provide objective information regarding the use of this solution by pregnant women.
- Accordingly, the drug in question during the bearing of the baby is not attributed.
- If the use of the medicine is necessary for a nursing woman, she is recommended to give up for a while feeding the baby, which she can continue after the course of therapy. Thus, nursing prevents extrapyramidal disorders from its crumbs.
- For children, the drug "Pipolphen" is allowed from infancy. So, from the 2nd month, the administration of 0.5-1 mg / kg of weight is allowed, the number of leads intramuscularly varies from 3 to 5 per day. If the situation is very serious, the doctor can increase the dosage to 1 - 2 mg / kg. In the form of tablets, the drug is used in therapy only from 6 years.
- In children 6 to 14 years of age, the dosage is different. It is 25 mg( 1 dragee).You need to take the pill 3 to 4 times a day. Due to the fact that the dragee doctors are not advised to divide into pieces, their use up to 6 years is undesirable.
- To eliminate allergies, the drug is administered orally. In this case, the dosage for an adult is 25 mg. It is recommended by doctors to administer the medication at one time in the evening. It is also possible to inject it twice( morning / evening).Experts usually prescribe this medicine in the minimum effective dose. Adults allowed maximum dose is 150 mg per day.
We will talk about contraindications to taking Pipolphene further.
Contraindications
This section includes many items:
- pregnancy;
- coma;
- is an angle-closure form of glaucoma;
- presence of episodic vomiting;
- intoxication through opioid analgesics, hypnotics;
- age to 6 years( tablets are prohibited);
- age to 2 months.(the solution is forbidden);
- sleep apnea syndrome;
- individual intolerance.
Side effects of
This drug, Pipolphen, has many side effects, they are manifested from the side:
- of the nervous system .Here it is worth noting the violation of coordination, dry mouth, sedation, anxiety, drowsiness, confusion, blurred vision, euphoria, oculomotor crisis, dizziness, tongue piercing, torticollis, convulsions, insomnia, extrapyramidal disorders, tremor, headache. In rare cases, a malignant neuroleptic syndrome may appear;
- of the digestive tract .The patient may experience constipation, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting;
- CCC .After taking, tachycardia, arrhythmia, orthostatic hypotension, syncope, blood pressure jumps, bradycardia can be observed;
- organs of vision .Here, diplopia, blurred vision;
- metabolism of - anorexia;
- of the immune system .Here allergies are possible, which are expressed in Quinck's swelling, anaphylactic shock, itching, hives, rashes;
- systems of the circulatory, lymphatic .Possible the appearance of leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, hemolytic anemia;
- of the liver, bile duct .In this area, jaundice may occur;
- hearing organs - ringing in the ears;
- of the psyche .The patient can be disturbed by fatigue, agitation, nervousness, confusion, hallucinations, nightmares, disorientation;
- of the kidneys , urinary tract. The receiving agent may have a delay in urine;
- respiratory system .In this area, asthma, apnea, respiratory depression, nasal congestion can occur;
- skin, subcutaneous tissue .Taking medication threatens with the appearance of rash, dermatitis, photosensitization, urticaria.
Special instructions
- If the drug is used for a long time, control over the formula of peripheral blood, the functioning of the liver is necessary.
- Carefully used in the treatment of elderly patients because of the increased incidence of side effects.
- Prolonged use of the drug reduces salivation, which is dangerous for the appearance of dental diseases( caries, periodontitis, candidiasis).
- Alcohol is prohibited during the use of the medication.
- Lactose is included in the preparation. Its use in the presence of a lactose intolerant patient should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist.
- When passing a pregnancy test while using the drug in question, the test may provide a false positive response.
- Drug intake may cause a rise in blood glucose levels.
- Driving cars, performing potentially hazardous activities is prohibited at the beginning of the course of therapy with this medication. But, taking into account the patient's individual tolerance, the degree of restriction is revised.
Interaction with other drugs
- "Pipolphen" enhances the effect of analgesics, hypnotics. Therefore, such drugs should be administered in a smaller dose. The specialist must strictly control the intake of the drug, carried out simultaneously with such drugs: sedatives, hypnotics, opioid analgesics.
- It is also necessary to monitor the doctor for the use of tricyclic antidepressants, tranquilizers, drugs for anesthesia.
- Promethazine is able to enhance the effect of antihypertensive drugs.
- There was a decrease in the threshold of convulsive readiness when using the medication in question. He is cautiously prescribed to patients prone to seizures.
- The drug activates the effect of anticholinergics.
Reviews
Reviews regarding the drug are controversial because of the large list of contraindications, side effects. But at the same time, most patients noted its high efficiency. Sometimes patients are unhappy with the price of the prescription, but its effectiveness is worth the money.
Analogues
Among the analogs of the drug in question, we note:
- "Diprazin".
- Clemastin.
- "Engistol".
- "Peritol".
- Visoptik.
- "Derinat".
- "Probifor".
- Claridol.
- "Multisorb".
About the medicine for allergies in children will tell Dr. Komarovsky in this video: