The figure well reflects all the known factors provoking the development of headache, as well as the symptoms of migraine.
Migraine is a primary pain, that is, it is not associated with any other disease, such as hypertension, ARVI, spondyloarthrosis, etc. Women are more likely to get sick. According to statistics, up to a quarter of all women and up to 10% of all men suffer from migraine attacks.
The diagnosis usually does not require additional examination, it is enough that the headache meets the criteria for a migraine. However, on the territory of the Russian Federation, neurologists and general practitioners are trying to prescribe to the patient:
- Ultrasound of the cranial and neck vessels;
- MRI (CT) of the skull and spine;
- Standard laboratory tests - UAC, OAM, biochemical analysis;
- Specific studies for infections and tumor markers;
- Consultations of other specialized specialists.
Treatment of this type of cephalgia is conventionally divided into attack and interictal (prophylactic).
During an attack, the following groups of drugs are usually prescribed:
- NSAIDs and analgesics;
- Antiemetic central action;
- Triptans with the ineffectiveness of 1st line drugs;
- Less commonly, ergotamine-containing products.
Prevention of another attack includes the use of medication and non-medication:
- Compliance with the "sleep-rest" regime;
- Psychological assistance and correction of anxiety states;
- A special diet with the exclusion of a number of foods containing tyramine;
- Relaxing massage, Pilates, yoga;
- Manual techniques;
Appointment of non-selective beta-blockers, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, less often calcium channel blockers, central muscle relaxants for muscle tension.
A patient with an established diagnosis of migraine must be under constant supervision of specialists (neurologist, psychologist), which is associated with a significant effect of intense pain on the quality of life person.
