Esophagitis is an inflammatory process in the esophagus that occurs at any age and in any gender. Most often, the defeat of the esophagus occurs after the transfer of other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract or infection. Experts also note that this inflammation is formed as a complication of the flu, and it can cover both the entire esophagus and its part - the distal department. This place is prone to acid reflux and food from the stomach.
Specialists distinguish several types of disease according to the depth of the organ damage:
- Otecny - accompanied by an internal fluid leak;
- Catarrhal - only mucous membrane is damaged, and doctors notice hyperemia of 1 degree;
- Erosive - differs in the occurrence of superficial ulcers;
- Necrotic - characterized by the death of the layers of the shell and the formation of scars. In the worst development situation, there is perforation of the esophagus.
The most frequent is inflammation of the esophagus 1 degree - distal catarrhal esophagitis.
Causes of catarrhal distal esophagitis
- Surface thermal burn caused by swallowing hot food;
- Effects on the mucous membrane of chemicals;
- Inferiority of the sphincter passing acidic gastric juice.
Catarrhal inflammation of the body is sometimes acute. In this case, signs of intoxication are not observed. If necessary treatment is not available, this stage becomes chronic, and its signs become more complicated:
- Heartburn and sternal pain that are formed immediately after a meal are the main symptom of distal catarrhal esophagitis;
- Belching with air;
- Reflex vomit;
- Sour taste in the mouth.
In order to confirm this diagnosis and the appointment of treatment, doctors use gastroesophagoscopy. The mechanism of the healing procedure for distal catarrhal esophagitis is similar to treatment of reflux esophagitis of the 1st degree.
Distal esophagitis cardia deficiency
An incompetence of the cardia is a disease manifested by symptoms in the form of a partial closure of the valve between the esophagus and the inside of the stomach. The result of the ailment is the casting of the contents of the stomach into the esophagus, which is fraught with erosive damage and malignancy of the epithelium of the esophagus.
The main prerequisites for cardia deficiency in distal esophagitis are:
- A disturbed diet and a bad habit are at night;
- Overweight;
- Chronic diseases of the stomach and tumors;
- Decreased immunity and weakness;
- First-degree pyloric spasm and high peritoneal pressure.
As a result of these factors, chronic cardia deficiency is formed, which can lead to many complications. That is why, at the first symptoms, urgently contact a specialist. Adequately prescribed treatment can prevent the development of distal erosive esophagitis.
Usually the disease is formed in three stages:
- For 1 degree of cardia deficiency is characterized by incomplete closure and the emergence of an air burp;
- In 2 degrees, prolapse of the gastric mucosa occurs, which is fraught with obstruction;
- Stage 3 is characterized by a complete gaping of the sphincter and the preservation of intestinal peristalsis.
Causes and signs of erosive distal esophagitis
The main prerequisite for the occurrence of superficial distal and erosive esophagitis is considered to be the reflux of acid content into the esophagus. The causes of casting are the weakness of the valve and the overcrowding of the stomach. The mucous membrane does not have protection against gastric juice, so it quickly becomes inflamed. It is for this reason that doctors prescribe patients a diet.
Erosive distal esophagitis is formed after acute or chronic lesion of the esophagus. Often the disease occurs with chemical burns and severe bacterial infections of a superficial nature.
The erosive form of esophagitis makes itself felt in the esophagus, burning in the sternum, belching with blood and heartburn. After loss of blood, anemia and weakness are observed.
How is erosive distal esophagitis treated?
During the treatment of any chronic form of esophagitis( distal, catarrhal, erosive), doctors recommend a sparing diet with restriction of smoking and alcohol intake. Healing will be promoted by a diet with thermally processed and soft food, as well as the use of H + blockers, antacids and alginates. It is also recommended to take enveloping and anti-inflammatory drugs with superficial chronic esophagitis. To prevent recurrence in the catarrhal, distal, erosive form, specialists prescribe a course of treatment with special drugs for the stomach.
Even after the end of treatment for any form of the disease, you must follow a diet and avoid stressful situations.
Features of the diet for distal esophagitis
Food must necessarily be fractional, so eating with catarrhal and distal esophagitis should be up to six times a day. Treatment with proper nutrition suggests that about four hours before bedtime, you can not eat anything.
In addition, it must be remembered that immediately after eating it is not recommended to lie down, so as not to provoke an exacerbation. In the treatment of catarrhal and other forms of illness of the 1 st level, correct nutrition should be strictly observed by the expert's recommendations and strictly observed by all. In this case, it is impossible to overeat and eat foods that provoke bloating( fresh bread, cabbage, chocolate, carbonated drinks and spicy seasonings).