Variants of possible complications of colitis and prognosis for the patient depend on the nature and form of the disease. Quite often it is accompanied by such phenomena precisely the acute form of the disease.
The most dangerous variant is the formation of through holes in the body of the large intestine( perforation) during a severe poisoning with toxins, which causes harmful microorganisms. This phenomenon is typical for colitis on the background of dysentery. This complication can lead to serious consequences, as it is difficult to identify its manifestation against the background of symptoms present during intoxication. The reason for the detection can serve as clear signs of tachycardia, increased blood pressure and general deterioration of the patient.
Another no less dangerous complication in colitis can be unnatural expansion of the colon, associated with a violation of the functions of its neuromuscular system - acute toxic dilatation. It occurs in no more than 9% of patients, but the possible consequences of this process worsen the prognosis for a full recovery. So, against the background of dilation, the large intestine loses its ability to contract normally, which affects the frequency of defecations, the structure of the stool and, in the future, can provoke the formation of perforations. Almost a third of cases of such a course of events in colitis result in death.
What is the risk of colitis?
Quite a rare case of complication is considered intestinal bleeding with varying intensity. They are manifested much less frequently and carry a much smaller threat than those already described. Timely anti-inflammatory treatment in conjunction with the use of hemostatics will help suppress the consequences of this process in colitis and avoid surgical intervention. If the bleeding continues - surgery can not be avoided.
The prognosis of cancer development in patients with this disease worsens depending on the age of the disease and the patient himself. Especially dangerous are the effects of ulcerative colitis for those who are sick for more than 10 years, as well as for children and adolescents. This group is most susceptible to such complications as cancer.
As for the second group of complications - systemic, they manifest themselves outside the intestinal environment and are reflected in other organs. To date, there is no exact evidence of the etiology of these diseases, but the alleged dangerous consequences of colitis may be violations of the physiological functions of the liver, pathological destruction of the oral mucosa, skin, joints. The causative agents of these phenomena enter the body through the lumen of the large intestine. Most often in patients there is such a systemic complication as acute arthropathy - a joint disease caused by the presence of another disease.
Consequences of colitis
Also against the background of colitis can develop such ailments:
- gangrenous pyoderma;
- episcleritis;
- erythema nodosum;
- hepatomegaly.
The consequences of these dangerous diseases will seriously affect the overall health of the patient, so timely diagnosis and treatment of the underlying disease should be carried out.
The severe form of nonspecific ulcerative colitis is dangerous due to the variety of possible complications with a disappointing prognosis. One such is the formation of ulcers on the legs. This process indicates a severe form of the underlying disease. No less common common lesions of the oral mucosa and tongue. There are also cases of diseases of the visual system.
Quite a frequent complication of colitis can be rectum disease. Paraproctitis can lead to surgical intervention in case of severe illness. Prognosis of the disease - with untimely and insufficient drainage, there is a risk of formation of fistulous passages and the spread of infection outside the rectal cavity. In the future, a complete cure will be impossible.
Colitis is characterized by a large number of possible complications, so timely detection and treatment is an urgent action for this disease.