When inflammatory bowel diseases are provoked by factors not associated with bacterial or fungal infections, noninfectious colitis is diagnosed. A whole series of heterogeneous pathologies is allocated to a separate group, since in most cases they become the causes of chronic processes.
Today the disease has its distinct classification, which is based on the causative factors of the disease:
- When the development of pathology is associated with a violation of diet, this is an alimentary colitis.
- If the development of inflammation of the colonic mucosa has been triggered by other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract( gastritis, pancreatitis, enteritis, for example), concomitant colitis is diagnosed. In this case, the intestinal walls are constantly exposed to products of incomplete digestion, mechanical and chemical damage occurs to the colon of the colon, so it becomes inflamed.
- Dysbacteriosis causes chronic non-infectious colitis.
- Under the influence of chemicals, toxic non-infectious colitis develops, its treatment is the most difficult, since it is rather problematic to restore the mucosal layer after this.
- With prolonged uncontrolled treatment with antibacterial drugs, medical chronic noninfectious colitis develops.
- If there is a violation of the blood supply to the colon, ischemic colitis develops.
- In patients suffering from allergies, almost always an allergic variant of the inflammatory process is detected.
- Alcohol poisoning, sedentary lifestyle, any other reasons not listed in the list, provoke the development of a spastic form.
How can noninfectious colitis be dangerous?- It is able to progress, inflammation penetrates deep into the walls of the colon, so in time, if the time does not begin treatment, it is possible to perforate them, the appearance of bleeding ulcers, and then - oncology. That is why it is so important to learn to recognize the characteristic symptoms and seek help from specialists.
Characteristic features of noninfectious colitis
The clinical picture of noninfectious colitis does not appear immediately, the disease in the first stages passes almost asymptomatically, there are few existing symptoms, who pay attention. That should force to address for the help to the doctor:
- Strong rumbling in a stomach.
- A sharp decrease in appetite.
- Weakness and general malaise.
- Dryness of tongue and gray coating on it.
- Digestive disorders.
- Stool disorder.
If the clinical picture is supplemented by painful false urges for defecation, the appearance of mucus in the stool in which blood veins are present, if the stool becomes a liquid consistency and it is unnaturally strong smells, it is already about the serious neglected stages of noninfectious colitis, treatment should begin immediately. It is based on the use of medicinal therapy, physiotherapy and sanatorium-and-spa treatment.
How is the diagnosis of noninfectious colitis?
Only advanced diagnostics can confirm the diagnosis. It begins in a visual examination of the patient, with a careful collection of anamnesis. The examination also allows to reveal the characteristic symptoms of noninfectious colitis: a sharp decrease in body weight, the dullness of the skin. Palpation of the abdominal cavity is painful, the localization of pain shows an approximate area where it is necessary to search for the described pathology. Further research is conducted in two directions:
- Laboratory research.
- Instrumental diagnostics.
The patient must necessarily make a general analysis of blood, urine, make a coprogram( the analysis of feces for the presence of blood in it), it is also necessary to find out the electrolyte composition of blood, the level of sugar in the blood.
Instrumental diagnosis allows you to look inside the colon, so you need to do a sigmoidoscopy and a colonoscopy. These procedures should show how far the inflammatory process has gone, and what complications it could already provoke( atrophy, telangiectasia of ulceration or stricture of the intestine).Irrigoscopy is performed to detect the degree of narrowing of the intestinal lumen, fistulas and expressions. If there is a suspicion of dysbiosis, a bacteriological examination of the feces is prescribed.
How is non-infective colitis treated?
If all diagnostic procedures do not call into question non-infectious colitis, treatment of the disease will be complex. It consists of four main directions:
- Normalization of proper nutrition.
- Carrying out anti-inflammatory therapy.
- Measures aimed at restoring the microflora of the large intestine, its motor-evacuation function.
- Elimination of concomitant symptoms.
Typically, those diagnosed with non-infective colitis should be treated with physiotherapy.