In modern narcological clinics, neurometabolic therapy is widely used. As part of this treatment, the patient receives special drugs that normalize the functions of the brain and nervous system. When is neurometabolic therapy prescribed and to what results does it lead?
Neurometabolic therapy in narcology
Initially, neurometabolic drugs were used as part of the treatment of elderly patients diagnosed with organic brain syndrome. With the help of these medicines, the patients recover damaged brain functions.
However, at present the scope of neurometabolites has expanded. Now they are used for the treatment of patients with neurological, pediatric, obstetrical, psychiatric, and also narcological departments.
Alcoholic beverages and drugs provoke serious disorders of brain metabolism, resulting in reduced intellectual ability and memory. Personal degradation, caused by toxic poisoning of brain cells, as well as pathologies of the liver, develops.
Also, patients suffer from neurological pathologies that accompany the following symptoms:
- trembling in the body;
- dizziness;
- dilated pupils;
- pupil shaking;
- speech disorders;
- spontaneous movement;
- change in muscle tone.
The complex treatment of these disorders uses neurometabolic therapy. It is based on nootropic drugs that restore the normal metabolism of nervous tissue.
Basically, neurometabolic treatment is used for alcoholism, cocaine and amphetamine addiction. With the abuse of opioids, these drugs are ineffective, because in such cases, patients usually do not have noticeable psycho-organic disorders. However, nootropics are sometimes used after abstinence withdrawal in opioid addiction, if the patient is diagnosed with anhedonia syndrome.
In general, neurometabolic therapy has a positive effect on the functions of neurotransmitters. As a result, patients suffer from anxiety, depression, memory, thinking. Also, patients have increased resistance to psychotraumatic factors, as a result of which they have the ability to withstand stress without recourse to stimulants.
The essence of the treatment
Alcohol and drugs cause a negative effect on the body, which includes:
- intoxication;
- central hypoxic action;
- violation of the functions of organs and systems.
The above effects make it difficult or completely exclude the possibility of using many effective drugs. Therefore, in the complex treatment of addiction, drug users are prescribed neurometabolic therapy.
The patient is primarily prescribed nootropics. These are antihypoxic, neuroprotective and adaptogenic preparations that eliminate the negative influence of exogenous factors.
As a result of taking nootropics, a number of positive effects are achieved:
- Normalization of neurometabolic processes.
- Restoration of the functions of the autonomic nervous system.
- Improve the tolerability of other medicines.
The administration of nootropic drugs begins with large doses, which decrease when a firm result is achieved. Supportive neurometabolic therapy is used to correct mental disorders that have occurred as a result of alcoholism or drug addiction.
Such violations include:
- decrease in intellectual activity;
- increased anxiety;
- apathy;
- depressive states;
- memory degradation;
- decreased concentration of attention.
In addition, neurometabolic therapy is used to remove a person from a long drinking-bout. In this case, the doctor will select the drugs that will quickly restore the weakened organism and prevent the development of withdrawal syndrome, as well as various complications from the central nervous system - seizures, delirium, hallucinations.
Indications
The list of indications for the purpose of neurometabolic therapy is extensive. It is used in diseases of the nervous system, which are accompanied by a deterioration of memory and intellectual abilities. Also with the help of nootropics, they treat comatose conditions as a result of traumas or intoxications, various mental disorders, stroke, and dementia.
In narcological practice, neuroleptic therapy is prescribed in the following cases:
- Acute intoxication with morphine and barbiturates.
- Abstinence in drug addicts and alcoholics.
- Chronic alcoholism.
- Alcohol intoxication.
- Psycho-organizational disorders caused by cocaine and amphetamines.
The use of nootropic drugs does not exclude the need for a comprehensive therapy of alcoholism and drug addiction. In general, these diseases require prolonged treatment, which includes the restoration of the functions of internal organs and systems, as well as long-term rehabilitation with a visit to the therapist.
The neurometabolic therapy uses a wide range of medicines:
- nootropics;
- vascular drugs;
- adaptogens;
- vitamins;
- amino acids;
- antioxidants;
- preparations for dehydration;
- cholinergic agents.
Nootropic drugs directly affect the functions of the brain. They strengthen the connections between neurons, improve blood supply and energy processes in the nervous tissue. As a result, the patient improves his intellect and memory, restores his ability to learn. In addition, taking these drugs increases the resistance of the brain to a lack of oxygen and nutrients, infections, intoxication and other negative factors.
Vascular drugs slow blood circulation in the brain. This allows neurons to take more oxygen and nutrients, and also to allocate metabolic products.
The use of vitamins as part of neurometabolic treatment leads to an improvement in protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolism within cells. Amino acids are a building material for neurons and intercellular substance in the brain. Of these, dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine and other neurotransmitters are produced that transmit excitation from cell to cell.
Means for dehydration are used in the presence of pronounced cerebral edema. They contribute to a better outflow of liquor and venous blood.
Results of
Nootropics show efficacy for withdrawal of withdrawal symptoms. In such cases, they are used together with other methods of detoxification.
Improvement of the patient's well-being comes on already 2-3 days.
By this time the severity of the characteristic signs of withdrawal syndrome decreases:
- Sluggishness and weakness are eliminated.
- The thoughts become clearer.
- The heaviness in the head decreases.
- The anxiety decreases.
- The fuss disappears.
The results of treatment are:
- Elimination of physical and mental fatigue.
- Enhance your mood.
- Elimination of emotional retardation.
Visible improvements occur 3-4 days, but to maintain the effect of supporting neurometabolic therapy continue for 2-3 weeks. After this period of time, there is a persistent nootropic effect.
Contraindications
Despite its high effectiveness, neuro-metabolic therapy can not be performed in the following cases:
- intolerance of the drug components;
- is a psychomotor agitation;
- severe kidney failure;
- bulimia;
- Huntington's chorea;
- hemorrhagic stroke in acute phase;
- pregnancy and lactation.