Before the diagnosis of enteritis, a specialist should conduct a series of tests, that is, a diagnosis that will help to accurately determine not only the variation of the disease itself, but also the correct treatment tactics. The latter is due to the fact that enteritis has a variety of varieties, and therefore, it is necessary to conduct research for the purpose of appropriate treatment.
A thorough interview and a history of the patient provides the gastroenterologist with sufficient data to establish a primary diagnosis. As a confirmation, information of general examination, palpation and percussion of the peritoneal wall serves.
Laboratory methods for diagnosis of enteritis
One of the laboratory methods is a coprogram, where a macroscopic examination reveals consistency, hue and odor. Thanks to a microscopic examination, it is possible to detect the presence of a large number of muscle fibers( createrorrhea), starch( amylorea) and fat( steatorrhea).With enteritis, the indicator of the acid-alkaline environment will be predominantly changed.
Also, a specialist is assigned to take functional tests to diagnose a violation of the absorption process in the cavity of the small intestine. This type of analysis is also called absorption tests. In this case, a determination is made of the amount of carbohydrates and other substances in blood, urine, and saliva that are taken before analyzing. As such substances can make a sample with D-xylose and iodide-potassium. These substances are excreted from the body through the work of the kidneys. If the suction process is not broken, that is, there is no disease, then after 25 g of xylose has been taken, 5 g of the substance will be excreted in the urine within 5 hours. In the event that enteritis still exists, then xylose will be excreted from the body along with feces. To determine the absorption of fats, various types of radioisotope techniques are used.
For the express diagnostics of enteritis, hydrogen and carbohydrate tests can be performed. For this, 50 g of glucose and carbohydrates are injected into the body, after which the blood glucose level is carefully monitored every 15 minutes for an hour. In the event that during the first hour the level of glucose in the blood composition did not increase, then it can be said that the suction process is violated, that is, it is possible to diagnose chronic enteritis.
With the help of the method of Einoperfusion, it is possible to detect abnormalities of the intestinal function at the molecular and cellular level.
Bacteriological diagnosis of stool provides an opportunity to identify the cause, because of which the development of enteritis began. And thanks to the biochemical analysis of blood, it is possible to detect signs of malabsorption syndrome.
Endoscopic and X-ray diagnostics of enteritis
Conducting an endoscopic examination is very difficult. Access to the endoscope is provided only by the terminal sections: the postbulbular part of the duodenum and the marginal site of the iliac. In the process of conducting such a survey, a mucosal biopsy specimen is sampled for histological analysis.
X-ray examination for the diagnosis of enteritis is carried out by the introduction of contrast agents, due to which the folded structure changes, segmental lesions and tumor formations are revealed, as well as the presence of ulcers.